英语演讲稿开头（通用30篇）
distinguished leaders, young friends:
hello, everyone! my name is xu rong, i have to speak on the theme "youthdance."
the healthy growth of young people between the well-being of millions ofhouseholds and the country's future development. to achieve the education goalof modernization of the proposed for educators pointed out the direction, theyoung workers in the first assault team should of course,adhere topeople-oriented theory. ministry of education, focus attention oninfrastructure, regulate all kinds of work systems of the time, we shouldincrease the team of cadres of management and service efforts. in order to fullymobilize the enthusiasm of the team of cadres, but also developed a completesystem for quantification of grassroots work, establish and perfect a reasonablean effective incentive mechanism; in order to improve our overall quality ofcadres and skills, the team held a contest to run computer applications, englishspoken training courses, and organizing people to learn from advanced areas tobroaden their horizons in order to understand the team of cadres workingconditions in schools, the ministry of education has traveled a number ofprimary and secondary schools to conduct research, listen to the views of theschool party and government leaders to make school leadership cadres receiveattention and guidance of the ministry of education to carry out a variety ofpractical activities to actively lead the majority of young teachers work hardto become qualified personnel and for them to put up the cast talent stage, asingle sail swaying, after numerous twists and turns arrived in port, if thereis wind, a hand, and naturally smooth arrival and guide students to strive toexcel, need to nazhen "wind" - teacher. teachers should be ideological and moraleducation, culture education and the needs of students organically combiningvarious activities for the students or students to carry out their own. forexample: school quiz competitions, essay contests, ke benju performances andother activities to enable students to give full play to their talents. teachersrush toil, in order to that will enable students to continue to draw nutrients,to help them grow up healthily and become pillars of the country before.
for all students in general education, the government departments have alsonot forget those who cared about the difficulties of single-parent children,they may have a normal child life unimaginable burden and psychological stry of education has a strong seed spread in national blossom everywhere,pouring a lot to overcome difficulties and to exert themselves in a typical,these seeds do not make the child a strong anti-up, is even more so the parentsget stronger, and with the sincere to pay for the children in exchange for ahappy to help each child out of the shadows, healthy the majority ofthe young communist league students, but few people know the words meaning. inthe red of the season, we haveushered in one another "54", which provides anopportunity for generations of young people to whom the surging blood thefestival, followed by may 5th is our young people have engraved in our mindsevery day. may 5, 1922, the communist youth league held its first nationalcongress, which is also a sign forever keep company with young people, alwaysput the motherland the fate and self-development closely linked to "chineseyouth organization of the proletariat," was established. history will foreverremember this day - may 4, 1999, china's youth will be "patriotic" was shockedto write in their own big flag. they spared no efforts in the spirit of deathhave awakened the slumbering nation, but also kindled hope of the nation withthe blood and heroic sons and daughters of the youth compose a song of eternalsong of youth, loud and enlightening group song sung so far.
"54" movement brought me strong, it shook me. and sometimes i askthemselves "54" what is it in the end the spirit of what it means today, howmany times i have to explore the, recalling the heroic history of pottery in thetaste of it filled with suffering and tears, listening to the call of the long those past events, such as the twenty-first century chest, i have ataste of that majestic momentum.
i have asked myself countless times, today's so-called "fourth" spirit oreighty years ago the "54" spirit do today, "54" or a spirit of the motherland,the people unlimited sincerity, our community and studying history for theirdevotion, the spirit of do change it will change over time do whatever theoutcome, we, as the twenty-first century, young people, in this decade, thelooking into the new century, we remember the suffering of the last century thechinese nation and the revolution difficult, we should cherish today's harvest,so-called "a sub - hard, no gain. "our twenty-first century, young people, butalso should be a high sense of mission, responsibility, a sense of ecstasy, andthe sincere work of flu, 54 inheritance of traditional spirit of the 54 sportingspirit to flourish, for the motherland's socialist presented a contribution tothe building. let us burn with passion for the years up to youth dance bar!
thank you!
Dream is the winter fire, it is autumn, spring summer, as long as have a dream, the spring of life will shine bright fireworks.
"Yao is not snow, for a fragrance" is the dream of cold winter plum blossom. In gale of laying, bullying in the cold snow, she still stand proudly, conceits in a piece of white pink, send out faint fragrance, when all the flowers are bent down, only the plum blossom her fearless in oppression. Because she knew "plum blossom incense from" you can't afford to bank everything, that stands in the snow of the plum blossom, is more noble. Is a dream, let the cold winter plum blossom ling2 han2 open alone.
"No is not heartless, maternal gentleness is more protect flower" is the dream of bleak autumn maple leaves. Autumn wind faded the luster of the maple leaf, rain washed the maple leaf green, when he is faced with the loss of life, he was as cool as a cucumber, he enjoy the autumn wind dance brought him comfort, enjoy the autumn rain washing on earth, he think that it is the gift of god to him, that is before his mission to encourage, to his brave, let him bring autumn poetry. Happy is a dream, let the bleak autumn maple leaves are cool.
"Infinite blue day lotus plants, video on lotus another red" is the dream of hot summer lotus root, in mud messy, she weeds were wrapped tightly, vulnerability, such as her, how will you move that exists, she can only silently waiting for, any time a little bit of patience to kill weeds, finally the day came, she rushed out of the weeds, grow from the silt, bloom their brilliant, she is more beautiful, zhou yuan and said she "the silt but not imbrued, zhuo QingLian without demon", a hot summer day, the strong sun baked the pedestrian, only her graceful net plant, to cold summer is smooth. Is a dream, let the heat of summer lotus XiangYuan yi qing.
The beauty of the dream we cannot grasp, dream of the great we will be able to guess. As long as have a dream life will bloom.
梦想是冬日的篝火，是秋日的外衣，是夏日的泉水，只要有梦想，人生的春天就会绽放璀璨的焰火。
“遥知不是雪，为有暗香来”是寒冷冬日梅花的梦想。在烈风的.抽打下，在寒雪的欺凌下，她依然傲然挺立，在一片雪白中绽出一点粉嫩，散发淡淡的幽香，当所有的花朵都弯下腰的时候，只有梅花她无畏于压迫。因为她知道“梅花香自苦寒来”，那在雪中屹立的梅花，是多高贵啊。是梦想，让寒冷冬日的梅花“凌寒独自开”。
“落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花”是萧瑟秋日枫叶的梦想。秋风褪去了枫叶的光泽，秋雨洗刷了枫叶的嫩绿，当他面对即将逝去的生命的时候，他镇定自若，他享受秋风带他翩翩起舞的舒适，享受秋雨洗涤身上泥土的惬意，他认为那是上天带给他的礼物，那是在他完成使命前的鼓励，让他勇敢面对，让他给秋天带来诗意。是梦想，让萧瑟秋天的枫叶淡然快乐。
“接天莲叶无穷碧，映日荷花别样红”是酷热夏日莲藕的梦想，在杂乱的淤泥中，她被杂草紧紧包裹，柔弱如她，怎能动弹分毫，她只能静静的等待，任时光一点点消磨杂草的耐心，终于那一天还是来了，她冲出杂草的包围，从淤泥中生长出来，绽放自己的灿烂，她是多美丽，周元公说她“出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖”，炎热的夏日，浓烈的阳光烘烤着行人，只有她亭亭净植，给夏日平添透心凉。是梦想，让酷热夏日的荷花香远益清。
梦想的美丽我们无法捉摸，梦想的伟大我们无法猜测。只要有梦想人生就会春暖花开。
Chinese tea Chinese tea culture, tea culture. As open seven things (leading a poor You yan jiangcu tea), one of tea in ancient China is very common. Chinese tea culture and tea culture in Europe and America or Japan, a great difference. Chinese tea culture has a long history, profound, not only contains the material and cultural level, also contains a deep spiritual level.
Tea by Lu Yu of the Tang Dynasty in the history of Chinese tea culture and sounded the horn. Since then, the spirit of tea permeates the court and society, into the Chinese poetry, painting, calligraphy, religion, medicine. For thousands of years China has not only accumulated a great deal about tea cultivation, production of material culture, but also accumulated rich spirit of the tea culture, which is unique to China's tea culture, a cultural study areas.
i wanna welcome everybody here in this cheer team. thank you for coming here this morning to stand on my side cheering me on. it’s my dream to have the opportunity to challenge all the foreign athletes to the championship at this great occasion: 20xx olympic games. now, the dream came true. as an athlete of china, i’m here to win the gold medal of orienteering for our motherland.
i’m so proud of being one of the best players in the world. but could you believe i had been a lazy girl when i was in junior high. i’m not kidding! at that time, running was my last favorite. i really don’t know how to describe the first time i was on the track. it was horrible. when i started to run, i was simply out of breath. and while i touched the finishing line, i really didn’t know if i was still alive. it’s so funny, huh? but it’s true, i did.
well, something happened and changed the situation. we won the right of holding the olympic games in 20xx. after that, sports became a kind of game in campus. and there are many sports clubs in school. one day someone asked me:“are you gonna try one of those?”first i felt so wired.
“try to get into sports clubs? are you kidding?” i said. and she goes: “why not it’s not hard at all, and so fascinating!” so i did tried one and i was so lucky to become one of those who did orienteering. that is a fantastic sport! you need to run and find where to go just by using a map and a compass. it’s wasn’t popular in china at first. but when we heard it might become a new event in 20xx, we did practiced hard, and aimed to win the first champion of orienteering in the world. when we practiced, there were a lot of troubles. you know, sometimes you need to go with your feet, but sometimes you need to go with your heart. in some situations, we faced the difficulties and problems. and we need to solve that through teamwork and strong willpower. so we can run faster, go higher and be stronger. that is what we say—olympic spirit.
now the dream came true. i’m standing here with all my body and my heart put in sports. so do the people from all over the world to here at the olympic games. it’s the olympic games that make us together. we are here for a big day of sport; we are here for a dream of sports. we are here for a spirit of sport that encourages us to face the difficulties of today and tomorrow.
future?
How to say future?Man’s life is a process of growing up, actually I’m standing here is a growth.
If a person’s life must constituted by various choices, then I grow up along with these choices. Once I hope I can study in a college in future, however that’s passed, as you know I come here, now I wonder what the future holds for (= what will happen to) me.
When I come to this school, I told to myself: this my near future, all starts here.
Following I will learn to become a man, a integrated man, who has a fine body, can take on important task, has independent thought, an open mind, intensive thought, has the ability to judge right and wrong, has a perfect job. Once my teacher said :” you are not sewing, you are stylist; never forget which you should lay out to people is your thought, not craft.”
The failure is the mother of how many people are actually ableto grasp the mystery?
General speaking, people are afraid of should we fail toface?The key issues were to understand and transform the world, thedefeat was e in face of failure is the only correct way tosuccess of our can sum up the lesson from r many mistakes,we should be close to success and believe that failure is only ailure of the people tend to be alone, around on his support, even a comfortingword, can add to his great power.
In a word,failure are not terrible. Horrible is you don't have the courageto face defeat feeling!
In my 18 years of life, there have been many things. University days are the best part of them. I can never forget the days when I stepped into my university. I was impressed by its garden'like campus, its enthusiastic students and especially its learning atmosphere. I at once fell in love with it.
After the arduous military training, I get absolutely absorbed in my studies. The classes given by the teachers are excellent. They provide us with information not only from our textbooks but from many other sources as well. They easily arouse my insatiable desire to take in as much as I can.
Frankly speaking, at first I had some difficulty following the teachers. However, through my own efforts and thanks to my teachers' guidance, I made remarkable progress. Now I've benefited a lot from lectures and many other academic reports.
Learning is a long process; I'll keep exploring in the treasure house of knowledge to enrich myself. This summer I got out of the ivory tower and entered the real world. A publishing house offered me a part'time job in compilation and revision.
Finally, standing here at the threshold of the 21st century, we cannot help thinking of our posterity. Nature is not only the mother of the present generation, but also the mother of the generations to come. How severely our descendents will criticize us if we leave them a barren and lifeless mother? How much more they will appreciate us if we give them a world of harmony to inherit? Let us start respecting and caring for nature from now on. Let us start the campaign of creating a mutually beneficial relationship between people and nature right from this moment. With this new start, I firmly believe, that our children, and our children's children will live in a brand new age of green trees, clean air, crystal water, blue sky and an even more promising world!
as we know, you have to learn how to fly much more independently instead of under your parents’ considerate protection when you get into college, which also means you will come across enormous questions that should be solved by yourself. from my point of view, those main problems can fall into three parts.
first of all, the complicated relationship. for one thing, you have to know how cultural differences function in your relationship and respect them. in addition, college students spend less time studying together owing to different courses’ choosing, which requires us to devote more energy to building relationship. for the other thing, it is also vital to communicate with your parents often by using mobile phones or other tools.
i love english,it gives me a colorful dream.i hope i can travel around the world one day. with my good english, i can make friends with many people from different contries.i can see many places of great interests.i dream that i can go to london,because it is the birth place of english.
i also want to use my good english to introduce our great places to the english spoken people,i hope that they can love our country like us.
i know, rome was not built in a day. i believe that after continuous hard study, one day i can speak english very well.
if you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. so i believe as i love english everyday , it will love me too.
i am sure that i will realize my dream one day!
DENVER — Parents and survivors of the 1999 massacre at Columbine High School are saying good things about an essay released Tuesday by the mother of shooter Dylan Klebold.
Susan Klebold made the most detailed public remarks by any parent of the two Columbine killers in an essay published in O, The Oprah Magazine. She said in the essay she had “no inkling” her son was suicidal or depressed.
The essay sparked strong emotions for Connie Michalik, whose son, Richard Castaldo, was shot and partially paralyzed in the rampage. Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris killed 12 students and a teacher and wounded 23 others before killing themselves.
The shooters’ parents have said little in public since the massacre. They gave depositions in a lawsuit filed by victims’ families, but a judge in 20xx ordered those depositions sealed for 20 years after the case was settled out of court.
Survivors and their families have been left wondering about the boys’ parents in the decade since the shootings.
“You know, I always wondered how she felt and what she went through. ‘Cause I know I went through a living hell, and I was always sure she did, too,” Michalik told The Associated Press.
Michalik, who has never met Susan Klebold, said reading the essay answered some of her questions about the Klebold family.
“I applaud her for the courage to talk about this,” Michalik said Tuesday.
In the essay, Susan Klebold described the day of the shooting. She at first feared Dylan had been shot at school, not that he was one of the perpetrators.
Susan Klebold said the family was evacuated from their home the afternoon of the massacre because authorities feared even Dylan’s residence may have been rigged to explode. Still, she said, it took months for relatives to accept that the quiet boy who loved origami and Legos was to blame for the violence.
“We didn’t know that he and Eric had assembled an arsenal of explosives and guns,” Susan Klebold wrote. “We believed his participation in the massacre was accidental or that he had been coerced. We believed that he did not intend to hurt anyone.”
The magazine released excerpts from the essay last week and published the full text Tuesday.
A magazine spokeswoman said Susan Klebold has turned down several interview requests over the years but agreed several months ago to share an essay. There were no plans for her to appear on the show.
In an introduction to the essay, Oprah Winfrey told readers, “Since the day her son participated in the most devastating high school shooting America has ever seen, I have wanted to sit down with Susan Klebold to ask her the questions we’ve all wanted to ask — starting with, ‘How did you not see it coming?’ and ending with ‘How did you survive?’”
A spokeswoman for Susan Klebold has said there would be no further comment.
One of the shooting’s survivors, Krystal Miller, said Tuesday she has long had questions for the Klebolds but understood their silence.
“Over the years I would’ve loved to hear something,” said Miller, whose maiden name was Krystal Woodman. “But it sounds like she is still just reeling from it and processing it. So how is someone supposed to come out and give answers when they’re still trying to figure it out themselves?”
Good morning everybody! my name is dubin. its my honor to speak here, today id like to talk something about energy conservation and emission reduction! and i am very glad to share my idea on this topic with you. there are three parts in my presentation,and it will last about 10 minutes.please be free to ask if you have any question.
So,first of all,i’d like to show you the current situation of energy using. energy conservation and emission reduction means to save energy and reduce harmful gas emission. with the development of science and technology, our life has become more and more colorful. however, it is also associated with huge energy consumption.
Here is a picture, it shows that with the continuous development of human society, our consumption of energy is more and more huge. as we know, nowadays, our main source of energy is non-renewable resource. its storage capacity is very limited, and most of them have been used , and still being consumed very quickly .
Here is a bar chart , from which we can be aware of the importance and urgency of energy saving in addition, there are some picture about the greenhouse effect. because a large amount of greenhouse gas emission, global temperatures are rising .it give cause to the rise of sea level ,and natural disasters is frequent…..
Now,let’s turn to the second part,why is energy saving so important?in order to let the world be still beautiful, we need to do something .for one thing, energy conservation and emission reduction will slow down the energy consumption, and save the resources; for another, we are also protecting the environment at the same time,it can reduce greenhouse gas and other harmful gas emission. according to the survey, in our country, coal accounted for 80% of total electricity, but coal will produce large amounts of greenhouse gases.
So,the most important part is coming,in our daily life,how can we save energy? there are many ways, such as: turn off the lights when you needn’t, drive less and walk more , save pa-pe-r, plant more trees.
Guys, in order to let the grass become greener, the sky become bluer, the environment become cleaner.from now on, we must learn to do everything we can to save energy. come on! ok,this all .thanks for your listening!
Success is made up of one percent talent and ninety-nine percent effort.
The process of climbing is hard, but the scenery of the top is different than it in the bottom of the order to see the scenery of the top, we must overcome all difficulties bravely thing easy to say , but difficult to do. The peak looks so far away from our, the leg is so painful, and others say that, forget it, you can't climb up, quickly stop and rest.
So, the higher of the mountain, the fewer people. But, could we give up the scenery of the peak? although Success is far away, but there it is, it hands to us ,and encourage us to persist a while, the most beautiful scenery will belong to us. So, no matter how tired, no matter how hard, we still adhere to the teeth, until success. Like Chris Gardner, in order to survive, to his son, he works very hard, although so tired that even want to give up, but he knew, giving up is a thorough failure, means coming back to the origin, losting hope at the same time. You got a dream, you gonna protect it. When we at the most hard time, hold on for a moment, will be the most beautiful scenery.
Successful people will never give up after the storm, rather than born with the ability to got ks!
my dream hello everyone! it is my great pleasure to share my dream with you today.
my dream is to become a teacher.
you know being a teacher is a thing that is very valuable and very interesting.
i suggest that it must be a great fun to be with children all the day.
and if i am a teacher， i can teach my students a lot of knowledge.
they might become stronger and cleverer because of me.
that is a very contented feeling.
china is a developing country.
Just make to it the finals, they had to get past 60 others speaking on “The impact of globalization on traditional Chinese values”。 That was at the semi-final on April 8-9. What will Chinese college students think about the impact? Each contestant had his own take on the subject. Xia summed up globalization by saying: “It’s just controversial and hard to say whether it is good or bad.” Xia took the old wall of his city, Nanjing, as a metaphor. He spoke about the conflict over whether to protect the old walls or tear them down to represent the conflict of ideas. He suggested that people protect the wall as a valuable relic while tearing down the “intangible walls” of their minds that prevent communication. While some other students are more focusing on the impact of globalization on family relations, attitudes towards love, and job-hunting.
Over the past 10 years, the national English speaking competition has given contestants a chance to speak on a variety of topics closely related to their lives. Chinese students become more open-minded and receive various ideas and thinking over the decade. Diversity becomes more obvious on campus, students have more opportunities to express and show themselves. It’s not an easy task for the contestants to win through the fierce competition. Owning to their passion, hard work and persistence, they finally succeeded in the contest.
Liu Xin, the first champion of the national contest, is now an anchorperson of CCTV-9. Recalling the passion of study on campus, she said: “When you want to express your idea by a foreign language without finding a right way, you’re really upset. Then you have to encourage yourself, and after a long term of bitterness, suddenly you find you get the right way with joy.” With the champion title in 21st Century Cup, Liu attended the International Public Speaking competition in London in May 1996 afterward and got the first prize historically.
The winner in 20xx surprised the audience, since she came from accounting major instead of English major. Gu Qiubei, then 22 years old, was a senior in Shanghai Foreign Studies University. While being asked whether she had some good methods to learn English, she said: “Learn English with passion and enthusiasm.” Attracted by the greatness of English language, Gu even changed her major from accounting to English in her postgraduate study. The most important issue in English learning process she pointed out is personal interests. Only people interested in English benefit a lot from the learning methods and those with passion will finally achieve their dreams.
When chief of global media giant Viacom Sumner Redstone gave a speech in Tsinghua University on his autobiography A Passion to Win, he was asked what made him to restart his career at the age of 60, the 81-year-old media tycoon said: “Firstly, there’s a self-driving force in my deep heart, which keeps my passion to succeed and surpass others; secondly, I don’t think I’m too old to leave work, actually I love my work very much.”
Some of the contestants have achieved their dreams as Redstone; still others are on the way to their dream. With a passion to win, you will overcome obstacles and succeed at the end.
I’m studying in a city that’s famous for its walls. People who visit my city are amazed at the imposing sight of its walls, especially when silhouetted against the setting sun with gold, shining streaks. The old, cracked bricks are covered with lichens and the walls are weather-beaten guards standing still for centuries.
Our ancestors liked to build walls. They built walls in Beijing, Xi’an, Nanjing and many other cities, and they built the Great Wall, which snakes across half our country. They built walls to protect against enemies and evil spirits. This tradition has survived to this day: we still have many parks and schools walled off from the public.
For a long time, walls were one of the most natural things in the world to me.
My perceptions, however, changed after I made a hiking trip to the eastern suburbs of my city. My classmates and I were walking with some foreign students. As we walked out of the city, we found ourselves flanked by tall trees, which formed a wide canopy above our heads. Suddenly one foreign student asked me, “Where is the entrance to the eastern suburbs?”
“We’re already in the eastern suburbs,” I replied. He seemed taken aback, “I thought you Chinese had walls for everything.” His remark set off a heated debate. At one point, he likened our walled cities to “jails”， while I insisted that the eastern suburbs were one of the many places in China that had no walls.
That debate had no winners, but I did learn a lot from this student. For instance, he told me that some major universities like Oxford and Cambridge were not surrounded by walls. I have to admit that we do have many walls in China, and as we develop our country, we must look carefully at them and decide whether they are physical or intangible. We will keep some walls but tear down those that impede our development.
Let me give another example.
A year ago, when I was working on a term paper, I needed a book on business law and found a copy in the law school library. However, the librarian coldly rejected my request to borrow it, saying, “You can’t borrow this book, you’re not a student here.” In the end, I had to spend 200 yuan to buy a copy. Meanwhile, the copy in the law school gathered dust on the shelf.
At the beginning of this semester, I heard that my university had started to think of unifying its libraries and linking them to libraries at other universities, so my experience wouldn’t be repeated. Barriers would be replaced by bridges. An inter-library loan system would give us access to books from any library. With globalization and China integrated into the world, I believe many of these intangible walls will be knocked down.
I know that globalization is a controversial issue, and it is hard to say whether it is good or bad. But one thing is for sure: it draws our attention to China’s tangible and intangible walls and forces us to examine their role in the modern world.
And how about the ancient walls of mine and other cities? Should we tear them down? Definitely not. My city, like Beijing and other cities, is actually making a great effort to preserve the walls. These walls attract historians, archaeologists, and many schoolchildren who are trying to study our history and cultural heritage. Walls have become bridges to our past and to the rest of the world. If the ancient builders of these walls were still alive today, they would be proud to see such great changes in the role of their walls. They are now bridges that link East and West, South and North, and all countries of the world. Our cultural heritage will survive globalization.
It is 4000 years since the Chinese began to grow and drink tea.
There are many kinds of tea in China, of which Longjing Tea is famous all over the world.
Tea is usually drunk in tea sets. A tea set is made up of a tea pot and some teacups, which are both made of china.
Most Chinese are fond of drinking tea. Tea is served not only at tea house and restaurants but also at home. People also drink tea during breaks at offices or factories.
It has been discovered that drinking tea does a lot of good to people’s health. A cup of tea can make you relaxed and refreshed. And it’s said that green tea can prevent cancers. That’s why tea is becoming more and more popular with people.
At last ,I hope you can enjoy Chinese tea.
good morning teachers and fellow students. today we would like to introduce a few favorite books to you.
my favorite book is (italian: cuore). this is a diary written by an italian boy enrico. the diary is about his life and study. it included various touching stories that happened around enrico, the mottos taught by his parents, as well as the wonderful ten "monthly" stories told by his teacher during the class. every word in the chapter describes the word "love". from patriotism to friendship, and to the love between parents and child -- really touching.
this novel taught me how to love, and how to learn from love. i really like this book very much. how about you? what is your favorite book?
my favorite book is . have you read it before?
nowadays more and more young people prefer to follow the fashion. the word 'fashion' is generally used to mean style in clothing. they make people handsome and cool. also, fashion can be something strange. from that we can be different from others. but all of these can change from time to time. and valuable personal qualities and characters never change. so i think they are the true fashions.
helpful and warm-hearted is a kind of fashion because not everyone can be like that. if you are not willing to help others, it is difficult for you to get along well with others. if you can always have a lot of friends, you are fashionable.
love is always important in the world. many people around the world need care and love. if you can show you love to the people in need, you are fashionable.
to protect the environment is fashion. if you don't use the plastic bags and do something to protect our earth, you are fashionable.
so let's form good personal qualities. let's follow the fashion.
Good morning ladies and gentlemen, teachers and my fellow friends. The title of the speech that i‘m going to talk about is on money and health. Now as you see, we have a society where people just concentrate on earning money to pay off their mortgage, credit cards, holiday expanses etc, most of them fail to notice the gradual decline in their health. To them money is much much more important than health. As it says, " money is the root of all evil." I agree with it. Therefore, it is now time for us to watch out for our health and treasure our body! Thank you!
Opening Statement: Sexual Harrassment Hearings Concerning Judge Clarence ThomasMr.Chairman, Senator Thurmond, members of the committee, my name is Anita F.
Hill, and I am a professor of law at the University of Oklahoma.
I was born on a farm in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma, in 1956.
I am the youngest of 13 children.
I had my early education in Okmulgee County.
My father, Albert Hill, is a farmer in that area.
My mothers name is Irma Hill.
She is also a farmer and a housewife.
My childhood was one of a lot of hard work and not much money, but it was one of solid family affection, as represented by my parents.
I was reared in a religious atmosphere in the Baptist faith, and I have been a member of the Antioch Baptist Church in Tulsa, Oklahoma, since 1983.
It is a very warm part of my life at the present time.
For my undergraduate work, I went to Oklahoma State University and graduated from there in 1977.
I am attaching to this statement a copy of my resume for further details of my education.
I graduated from the university with academic honors and proceeded to the Yale Law School, where I received my JD degree in 1980.
Upon graduation from law school, I became a practicing lawyer with the Washington, DC, firm of Ward, Hardraker, and Ross.
In 1981, I was introduced to now Judge Thomas by a mutual friend.
Judge Thomas told me that he was anticipating a political appointment, and he asked if I would be interested in working with him.
He was, in fact, appointed as Assistant Secretary of Education for Civil Rights.
After he had taken that post, he asked if I would become his assistant, and I accepted that position.
In my early period there, I had two major projects.
The first was an article I wrote for Judge Thomas signature on the education of minority students.
The second was the organization of a seminar on high-risk students which was abandoned because Judge Thomas transferred to the EEOC where he became the chairman of that office.
During this period at the Department of Education, my working relationship with Judge Thomas was positive.
I had a good deal of responsibility and independence.
I thought he respected my work and that he trusted my judgment.
After approximately three months of working there, he asked me to go out socially with him.
What happened next and telling the world about it are the two most difficult things -- experiences of my life.
It is only after a great deal of agonizing consideration and sleepless number -- a great number of sleepless nights that I am able to talk of these unpleasant matters to anyone but my close friends.
I declined the invitation to go out socially with him and explained to him that I thought it would jeopardize what at the time I considered to be a very good working relationship.
I had a normal social life with other men outside of the office.
I believed then, as now, that having a social relationship with a person who was supervising my work would be ill-advised.
I was very uncomfortable with the idea and told him so.
I thought that by saying no and explaining my reasons my employer would abandon his social suggestions.
However, to my regret, in the following few weeks, he continued to ask me out on several occasions.
He pressed me to justify my reasons for saying no to him.
These incidents took place in his office or mine.
They were in the form of private conversations which would not have been overheard by anyone else.
My working relationship became even more strained when Judge Thomas began to use work situations to discuss sex.
On these occasions, he would call me into his office for reports on education issues and projects, or he might suggest that, because of the time pressures of his schedule, we go to lunch to a government cafeteria.
After a brief discussion of work, he would turn the conversation to a discussion of sexual matters.
His conversations were very vivid.
He spoke about acts that he had seen in pornographic films involving such matters as women having sex with animals and films showing group sex or rape scenes.
He talked about pornographic materials depicting individuals with large penises or large breasts involved in various sex acts.
On several occasions, Thomas told me graphically of his own sexual prowess.
Because I was extremely uncomfortable talking about sex with him at all and particularly in such a graphic way, I told him that I did not want to talk about these subjects.
I would also try to change the subject to education matters or to nonsexual personal matters such as his background or his beliefs.
My efforts to change the subject were rarely successful.
Throughout the period of these conversations, he also from time to time asked me for social engagements.
My reaction to these conversations was to avoid them by eliminating opportunities for us to engage in extended conversations.
This was difficult because at the time I was his only assistant at the Office of Education -- or Office for Civil Rights.
During the latter part of my time at the Department of Education, the social pressures and any conversation of his offensive behavior ended.
I began both to believe and hope that our working relationship could be a proper, cordial, and professional one.
When Judge Thomas was made chair of the EEOC, I needed to face the question of whether to go with him.
I was asked to do so, and I did.
The work itself was interesting, and at that time it appeared that the sexual overtures which had so troubled me had ended.
I also faced the realistic fact that I had no alternative job.
While I might have gone back to private practice, perhaps in my old firm or at another, I was dedicated to civil rights work, and my first choice was to be in that field.
Moreover, the Department of Education itself was a dubious venture.
President Reagan was seeking to abolish the entire department.
For my first months at the EEOC, where I continued to be an assistant to Judge Thomas, there were no sexual conversations or overtures.
However, during the fall and winter of 1982, these began again.
The comments were random and ranged from pressing me about why I didnt go out with him to remarks about my personal appearance.
I remember his saying that some day I would have to tell him the real reason that I wouldnt go out with him.
He began to show displeasure in his tone and voice and his demeanor and his continued pressure for an explanation.
He commented on what I was wearing in terms of whether it made me more or less sexually attractive.
The incidents occurred in his inner office at the EEOC.
One of the oddest episodes I remember was an occasion in which Thomas was drinking a Coke in his office.
He got up from the table at which we were working, went over to his desk to get the Coke, looked at the can and asked, Who has pubic hair on my Coke? On other occasions, he referred to the size of his own penis as being larger than normal, and he also spoke on some occasions of the pleasures he had given to women with oral sex.
At this point, late 1982, I began to feel severe stress on the job.
I began to be concerned that Clarence Thomas might take out his anger with me by degrading me or not giving me important assignments.
I also thought that he might find an excuse for dismissing me.
In January of 1983, I began looking for another job.
I was handicapped because I feared that, if he found out, he might make it difficult for me to find other employment and I might be dismissed from the job I had.
Another factor that made my search more difficult was that there was a period -- this was during a period of a hiring freeze in the government.
In February of 1983, I was hospitalized for five days on an emergency basis for acute stomach pain which I attributed to stress on the job.
Once out of the hospital, I became more committed to find other employment and sought further to minimize my contact with Thomas.
This became easier when Allison Duncan (sp) became office director, because most of my work was then funneled through her and I had contact with Clarence Thomas mostly in staff meetings.
In the spring of 1983, an opportunity to teach at Oral Roberts University opened up.
I participated in a seminar -- taught an afternoon session and seminar at Oral Roberts University.
The dean of the university saw me teaching and inquired as to whether I would be interested in furthering -- pursuing a career in teaching, beginning at Oral Roberts University.
I agreed to take the job in large part because of my desire to escape the pressures I felt at the EEOC due to Judge Thomas.
When I informed him that I was leaving in July, I recall that his response was that now I would no longer have an excuse for not going out with him.
I told him that I still preferred not to do so.
At some time after that meeting, he asked if he could take me to dinner at the end of the term.
When I declined, he assured me that the dinner was a professional courtesy only and not a social invitation.
I reluctantly agreed to accept that invitation, but only if it was at the every end of a working day.
On, as I recall, the last day of my employment at the EEOC in the summer of 1983, I did have dinner with Clarence Thomas.
We went directly from work to a restaurant near the office.
We talked about the work I had done, both at education and at the EEOC.
He told me that he was pleased with all of it except for an article and speech that I had done for him while we were at the Office for Civil Rights.
Finally, he made a comment that I will vividly remember.
He said that if I ever told anyone of his behavior that it would ruin his career.
This was not an apology, nor was it an explanation.
That was his last remark about the possibility of our going out or reference to his behavior.
In July of 1983, I left Washington, DC area and have had minimal contact with Judge Clarence Thomas since.
I am of course aware from the press that some questions have been raised about conversations I had with Judge Clarence Thomas after I left the EEOC.
From 1983 until today, I have seen Judge Thomas only twice.
On one occasion, I needed to get a reference from him, and on another he made a public appearance in Tulsa.
On one occasion he called me at home and we had an inconsequential conversation.
On one occasion he called me without reaching me, and I returned the call without reaching him, and nothing came of it.
I have on at least three occasions, been asked to act as a conduit to him for others.
I knew his secretary, Diane Holt.
We had worked together at both EEOC and education.
There were occasions on which I spoke to her, and on some of these occasions undoubtedly I passed on some casual comment to then Chairman Thomas.
There were a series of calls in the first three months of 1985, occasioned by a group in Tulsa, which wished to have a civil rights conference.
They wanted Judge Thomas to be the speaker and enlisted my assistance for this purpose.
I did call in January and February to no effect, and finally suggested to the person directly involved, Susan Cahal (ph) that she put the matter into her own hands and call directly.
She did so in March of 1985.
In connection with that March invitation, Ms.
Cahal (ph) wanted conference materials for the seminar and some research was needed.
I was asked to try to get the information and did attempted to do so.
There was another call about another possible conference in July of 1985.
In August of 1987, I was in Washington, DC and I did call Diane Holt.
In the course of this conversation, she asked me how long I was going to be in town and I told her.
It is recorded in the message as August 15.
It was, in fact, August 20th.
She told me about Judge Thomass marriage and I did say congratulate him.
It is only after a great deal of agonizing consideration that I am able to talk of these unpleasant matters to anyone except my closest friends.
As Ive said before these last few days have been very trying and very hard for me and it hasnt just been the last few days this week.
It has actually been over a month now that I have been under the strain of this issue.
Telling the world is the most difficult experience of my life, but it is very close to having to live through the experience that occasion this meeting.
I may have used poor judgment early on in my relationship with this issue.
I was aware, however, that telling at any point in my career could adversely affect my future career.
And I did not want early on to burn all the bridges to the EEOC.
As I said, I may have used poor judgment.
Perhaps I should have taken angry or even militant steps, both when I was in the agency, or after I left it.
But I must confess to the world that the course that I took seemed the better as well as the easier approach.
I declined any comment to newspapers, but later when Senate staff asked me about these matters I felt I had a duty to report.
I have no personal vendetta against Clarence Thomas.
I seek only to provide the committee with information which it may regard as relevant.
It would have been more comfortable to remain silent.
I took no initiative to inform anyone.
But when I was asked by a representative of this committee to report my experience, I felt that I had to tell the truth.
I could not keep silent. Good morning:Honorable judges, dear teachers and close friends.
I’m very glad to stand here to share my speech with you.
Today I’m going to talk about Love and Take care of Nature.Mother Nature is an exquisite and complex life-system.
Its charm appears in the trees, stream, soil, insects, moss and fungus, all the things on the earth in different shapes, which are interdependent.
When you get close to nature, please remember, each tree, stone and species of animals here has lived harmoniously for hundreds, thousands or even millions of years.
When we pass away, they will continue to live.
They are the real masters, while we are just the passer-by.
However, the conduct we unconsciously do, such as picking, lumbering, tramping and abusing can probably destroy the balance of their life.
Therefore, we must reduce our bad influence as much as possible.
While you are enjoying the nature, do not forget please, the beauty of the lives also needs to be concerned with and to be protected.Each life on the earth has a long and touching evolutionary story.
From the origin, the lives of the human being are equal to those of others; they both are the composing parts of Mother Nature.
Nevertheless, for some inexplicable reasons, the human becomes the spirits of all creatures.
Of course, it is the result of the evolution, but still we should be grateful to all our companions in nature for the opportunity they offer.In spite of this, humans cannot live without earth.
They live on the earth, drink the sweet water, and enjoy the sunshine, the air, the sky, the fruit; the grains utilize the energy and so on.
In a word, the human being cannot live without nature, and Mother Nature makes us grow stronger.I do not like the word Pet, but preferring the word Animal instead.
I have been loving animal since I was just a little boy.
When thinking of the Pet Fashion, I always feel much annoyed.
For the animals will be given a shackle and lose their liberty if they become someones pets.
Their natural attribution can be deprived, too.Up to now, relying on their scientific power, the human have opened up too much and over developed nature, in order to fill up their growing appetites of wealth.
They destroy the balance of nature, however, they dont realize, their own development and existence will be threatened.
Therefore, our sights should be focused on nature and we should try to develop the concept of keeping human and nature in unity.We should lay emphasis on our education with consider cultural and natural emotion. Greetings,everybody.Its really great to be here.Id like to talk about my favorite TV channels.
I enjoy watching TV.Im not embarrassed to admit it.Not all programs are a big waste of time.
Some programs are educational and worthwhile.Some channels are relaxing and entertaining.Let me introduce my four favorites to you.
First,I love action movies.I thrive on the excitement.They make me feel so alive.
I pretend Im the hero.I always defeat the bad guys.I usually end up having a beautiful girlfriend.
Action movies are a blast.Action movie a nice escape.I recommend the action movies on HBO.
Second,I really like comedy.I like humorous entertainment.It always cheers me up.
Laughter is so healthy.Its like food for the soul.Its like sunshine on a rainy day.
My comedy must have quality.It must be wholesome and good-natured.It can never be sexist or humiliating.
Third,I love adventure programs.Im nuts about traveling.The Travel Channel is a favorite.
I also love to explore.Im into science and innovation.The Discovery Channel always fascinates me.
Besides,Im crazy about animals.I respect the animal kingdom.I think Animal Planet is really cool.
Finally,I love watching the news.Im a news freak.Im a politics junky.
I cant get enough of politics.I analyze and compare many news shows.I seldom believe much of what I hear.
I know politics turns a lot of people off.It turns me on.Its my duty as a citizen to stay informed.
In conclusion,I enjoy the tube.Its really not so bad.Its not all useless junk.
Enjoy and beware.Enjoy quality programs.Beware of becoming a couch potato.
Thank you for listening.Thanks for your attention.I hope you always watch excellent TV programs.
Ladies and Gentlemen：
New Year’s Day looks like a little child who is jumping and ings a sense of happiness and fortune. On that day we give our friends andteachers lots of presents to express our deep love and best wishes. We all wearnew recall “yesterday” the moment we hope we can have a good newyear. The New Year means that we will begin a completely new life. our classheld a party to celebrate the New Year’s Day, our classroom which was decoratedmeticulously was more beautiful than before;smile lit up everyone’s face. A lotof wonderful programs were put on by our classmates. We were attracted by thehumorous performance. Smile became a theme on that day. After theperformances,we saw a film whose leading actors are Jackie Chen, Gu Tianle and a baby. We allhad a good Year’s Day means beginning a new era. There are manyunforgettable things in the year , but I believe I can do better next year,whichis filled with hope and happiness.I want to fly because I have a dream! I wantto fly because I have confidence.
As everyone knows,English is very important today.It has been used everywhere in the world.It has become the most common language on Internet and for international trade. If we can speak English well,we will have more chance to succeed.Because more and more people have taken notice of it,the number of the people who go to learn English has increased at a high speed.
But for myself,I learn English not only because of its importance and its usefulness,but also because of my love for it.When I learn English, I can feel a different way of thinking which gives me more room to touch the world.When I read English novels,I can feel the pleasure from the book which is different from reading the translation.When I speak English, I can feel the confident from my words.When I write English,I can see the beauty which is not the same as our Chinese...
I love English,it gives me a colorful dream.I hope I can travel around the world one day. With my good English, I can make friends with many people from different contries.I can see many places of GREat interests.I dream that I can go to London,because it is the birth place of English.
Thrift is the traditional virtue of our China, so my father and mother have taught me not to waste, and I am particularly obedient. In peacetime, my father and mother give me the pocket money in the "piggy and pig" storage tank. I never spend much time and save much, I will buy learning supplies.
On Sunday, there were some guests at home. Dad bought several bottles of beer to entertain guests. After the meal, I quickly put the empty wine bottle in a corner, plus the usual milk cartons, drink bottles, and some of the old newspapers and cartons in my home, and there was a lot of it! After finishing, I asked grandpa to help me and sell these waste products to the waste purchase station. The aunt of the purchasing station is straight, I am a sensible and economical child. I counted the money in my hand, which was 3 yuan and 8 cents. I can be happy and flattered to put money into the "little pig" jar.
I have to save more time this time, because I am going to buy a gift for grandpa who has been bringing me and caring for me, thanks for Grandpas affection for me. I will always be ready to donate this money to those who need help.
It is very good that the waste goods are sold, that is, to get money, and help the mother to clean up the home, and more important is that it will not cause pollution to the outside environment, is it not a stone? So I will always stick to my thrift and thrift.
From this, you should have known the benefits of thrift, too. Join me in action quickly, and you can also get unexpected results from it.
the august moon festival or mid-autumn festival (chinese characters above) is one of the traditional chinese holidays. it is held on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month. chinese legends say that the moon is at its brightest and roundest on this day. based on the gregorian calendar, this years august moon festival will be held on september 8.
the august moon festival is often called the womens festival. the moon (chinese character on right) symbolizes elegance and beauty. while westerners worship the sun (yang or male) for its power, people in the far east admire the moon. the moon is the yin or female principle and it is a trusted friend. chinese parents often name their daughters after the moon, in hope that they will be as lovely as the moon.
What I'd like to do today is talk about one of my favorite subjects, and that is the neuroscience of sleep.
Now, there is a sound -- (Alarm clock) -- aah, it worked -- a sound that is desperately, desperately familiar to most of us, and of course it's the sound of the alarm clock. And what that truly ghastly, awful sound does is stop the single most important behavioral experience that we have, and that's sleep. If you're an average sort of person, 36 percent of your life will be spent asleep, which means that if you live to 90, then 32 years will have been spent entirely asleep.
Now what that 32 years is telling us is that sleep at some level is important. And yet, for most of us, we don't give sleep a second thought. We throw it away. We really just don't think about sleep. And so what I'd like to do today is change your views, change your ideas and your thoughts about sleep. And the journey that I want to take you on, we need to start by going back in time.
"Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of slumber." Any ideas who said that? Shakespeare's Julius Caesar. Yes, let me give you a few more quotes. "O sleep, O gentle sleep, nature's soft nurse, how have I frighted thee?" Shakespeare again, from -- I won't say it -- the Scottish play. [Correction: Henry IV, Part 2] (Laughter) From the same time: "Sleep is the golden chain that ties health and our bodies together." Extremely prophetic, by Thomas Dekker, another Elizabethan dramatist.
But if we jump forward 400 years, the tone about sleep changes somewhat. This is from Thomas Edison, from the beginning of the 20th century. "Sleep is a criminal waste of time and a heritage from our cave days." Bang. (Laughter) And if we also jump into the 1980s, some of you may remember that Margaret Thatcher was reported to have said, "Sleep is for wimps." And of course the infamous -- what was his name? -- the infamous Gordon Gekko from "Wall Street" said, "Money never sleeps."
What do we do in the 20th century about sleep? Well, of course, we use Thomas Edison's light bulb to invade the night, and we occupied the dark, and in the process of this occupation, we've treated sleep as an illness, almost. We've treated it as an enemy. At most now, I suppose, we tolerate the need for sleep, and at worst perhaps many of us think of sleep as an illness that needs some sort of a cure. And our ignorance about sleep is really quite profound.
Why is it? Why do we abandon sleep in our thoughts? Well, it's because you don't do anything much while you're asleep, it seems. You don't eat. You don't drink. And you don't have sex. Well, most of us anyway. And so therefore it's -- Sorry. It's a complete waste of time, right? Wrong. Actually, sleep is an incredibly important part of our biology, and neuroscientists are beginning to explain why it's so very important. So let's move to the brain.
Now, here we have a brain. This is donated by a social scientist, and they said they didn't know what it was, or indeed how to use it, so -- (Laughter) Sorry. So I borrowed it. I don't think they noticed. Okay. (Laughter)
The point I'm trying to make is that when you're asleep, this thing doesn't shut down. In fact, some areas of the brain are actually more active during the sleep state than during the wake state. The other thing that's really important about sleep is that it doesn't arise from a single structure within the brain, but is to some extent a network property, and if we flip the brain on its back -- I love this little bit of spinal cord here -- this bit here is the hypothalamus, and right under there is a whole raft of interesting structures, not least the biological clock. The biological clock tells us when it's good to be up, when it's good to be asleep, and what that structure does is interact with a whole raft of other areas within the hypothalamus, the lateral hypothalamus, the ventrolateral preoptic nuclei. All of those combine, and they send projections down to the brain stem here. The brain stem then projects forward and bathes the cortex, this wonderfully wrinkly bit over here, with neurotransmitters that keep us awake and essentially provide us with our consciousness. So sleep arises from a whole raft of different interactions within the brain, and essentially, sleep is turned on and off as a result of a range of
Okay. So where have we got to? We've said that sleep is complicated and it takes 32 years of our life. But what I haven't explained is what sleep is about. So why do we sleep? And it won't surprise any of you that, of course, the scientists, we don't have a consensus. There are dozens of different ideas about why we sleep, and I'm going to outline three of those.
The first is sort of the restoration idea, and it's somewhat intuitive. Essentially, all the stuff we've burned up during the day, we restore, we replace, we rebuild during the night. And indeed, as an explanation, it goes back to Aristotle, so that's, what, 2,300 years ago. It's gone in and out of fashion. It's fashionable at the moment because what's been shown is that within the brain, a whole raft of genes have been shown to be turned on only during sleep, and those genes are associated with restoration and metabolic pathways. So there's good evidence for the whole restoration hypothesis.
What about energy conservation? Again, perhaps intuitive. You essentially sleep to save calories. Now, when you do the sums, though, it doesn't really pan out. If you compare an individual who has slept at night, or stayed awake and hasn't moved very much, the energy saving of sleeping is about 110 calories a night. Now, that's the equivalent of a hot dog bun. Now, I would say that a hot dog bun is kind of a meager return for such a complicated and demanding behavior as sleep. So I'm less convinced by the energy conservation idea.
But the third idea I'm quite attracted to, which is brain processing and memory consolidation. What we know is that, if after you've tried to learn a task, and you sleep-deprive individuals, the ability to learn that task is smashed. It's really hugely attenuated. So sleep and memory consolidation is also very important. However, it's not just the laying down of memory and recalling it. What's turned out to be really exciting is that our ability to come up with novel solutions to complex problems is hugely enhanced by a night of sleep. In fact, it's been estimated to give us a threefold advantage. Sleeping at night enhances our creativity. And what seems to be going on is that, in the brain, those neural connections that are important, those synaptic connections that are important, are linked and strengthened, while those that are less important tend to fade away and be less important.
Okay. So we've had three explanations for why we might sleep, and I think the important thing to realize is that the details will vary, and it's probable we sleep for multiple different reasons. But sleep is not an indulgence. It's not some sort of thing that we can take on board rather casually. I think that sleep was once likened to an upgrade from economy to business class, you know, the equiavlent of. It's not even an upgrade from economy to first class. The critical thing to realize is that if you don't sleep, you don't fly. Essentially, you never get there, and what's extraordinary about much of our society these days is that we are desperately sleep-deprived.
So let's now look at sleep deprivation. Huge sectors of society are sleep-deprived, and let's look at our sleep-o-meter. So in the 1950s, good data suggests that most of us were getting around about eight hours of sleep a night. Nowadays, we sleep one and a half to two hours less every night, so we're in the six-and-a-half-hours-every-night league. For teenagers, it's worse, much worse. They need nine hours for full brain performance, and many of them, on a school night, are only getting five hours of sleep. It's simply not enough. If we think about other sectors of society, the aged, if you are aged, then your ability to sleep in a single block is somewhat disrupted, and many sleep, again, less than five hours a night. Shift work. Shift work is extraordinary, perhaps 20 percent of the working population, and the body clock does not shift to the demands of working at night. It's locked onto the same light-dark cycle as the rest of us. So when the poor old shift worker is going home to try and sleep during the day, desperately tired, the body clock is saying, "Wake up. This is the time to be awake." So the quality of sleep that you get as a night shift worker is usually very poor, again in that sort of five-hour region. And then, of course, tens of millions of people suffer from jet lag. So who here has jet lag? Well, my goodness gracious. Well, thank you very much indeed for not falling asleep, because that's what your brain is craving.
One of the things that the brain does is indulge in micro-sleeps, this involuntary falling asleep, and you have essentially no control over it. Now, micro-sleeps can be sort of somewhat embarrassing, but they can also be deadly. It's been estimated that 31 percent of drivers will fall asleep at the wheel at least once in their life, and in the U.S., the statistics are pretty good: 100,000 accidents on the freeway have been associated with tiredness, loss of vigilance, and falling asleep. A hundred thousand a year. It's extraordinary. At another level of terror, we dip into the tragic accidents at Chernobyl and indeed the space shuttle Challenger, which was so tragically lost. And in the investigations that followed those disasters, poor judgment as a result of extended shift work and loss of vigilance and tiredness was attributed to a big chunk of those disasters.
So when you're tired, and you lack sleep, you have poor memory, you have poor creativity, you have increased impulsiveness, and you have overall poor judgment. But my friends, it's so much worse than that.
(Laughter)
If you are a tired brain, the brain is craving things to wake it up. So drugs, stimulants. Caffeine represents the stimulant of choice across much of the Western world. Much of the day is fueled by caffeine, and if you're a really naughty tired brain, nicotine. And of course, you're fueling the waking state with these stimulants, and then of course it gets to 11 o'clock at night, and the brain says to itself, "Ah, well actually, I need to be asleep fairly shortly. What do we do about that when I'm feeling completely wired?" Well, of course, you then resort to alcohol. Now alcohol, short-term, you know, once or twice, to use to mildly sedate you, can be very useful. It can actually ease the sleep transition. But what you must be so aware of is that alcohol doesn't provide sleep, a biological mimic for sleep. It sedates you. So it actually harms some of the neural proccessing that's going on during memory consolidation and memory recall. So it's a short-term acute measure, but for goodness sake, don't become addicted to alcohol as a way of getting to sleep every night.
Another connection between loss of sleep is weight gain. If you sleep around about five hours or less every night, then you have a 50 percent likelihood of being obese. What's the connection here? Well, sleep loss seems to give rise to the release of the hormone ghrelin, the hunger hormone. Ghrelin is released. It gets to the brain. The brain says, "I need carbohydrates," and what it does is seek out carbohydrates and particularly sugars. So there's a link between tiredness and the metabolic predisposition for weight gain.
Stress. Tired people are massively stressed. And one of the things of stress, of course, is loss of memory, which is what I sort of just then had a little lapse of. But stress is so much more. So if you're acutely stressed, not a great problem, but it's sustained stress associated with sleep loss that's the problem. So sustained stress leads to suppressed immunity, and so tired people tend to have higher rates of overall infection, and there's some very good studies showing that shift workers, for example, have higher rates of cancer. Increased levels of stress throw glucose into the circulation. Glucose becomes a dominant part of the vasculature and essentially you become glucose intolerant. Therefore, diabetes 2. Stress increases cardiovascular disease as a result of raising blood pressure. So there's a whole raft of things associated with sleep loss that are more than just a mildly impaired brain, which is where I think most people think that sleep loss resides.
So at this point in the talk, this is a nice time to think, well, do you think on the whole I'm getting enough sleep? So a quick show of hands. Who feels that they're getting enough sleep here? Oh. Well, that's pretty impressive. Good. We'll talk more about that later, about what are your tips.
So most of us, of course, ask the question, "Well, how do I know whether I'm getting enough sleep?" Well, it's not rocket science. If you need an alarm clock to get you out of bed in the morning, if you are taking a long time to get up, if you need lots of stimulants, if you're grumpy, if you're irritable, if you're told by your work colleagues that you're looking tired and irritable, chances are you are sleep-deprived. Listen to them. Listen to yourself.
What do you do? Well -- and this is slightly offensive -- sleep for dummies: Make your bedroom a haven for sleep. The first critical thing is make it as dark as you possibly can, and also make it slightly cool. Very important. Actually, reduce your amount of light exposure at least half an hour before you go to bed. Light increases levels of alertness and will delay sleep. What's the last thing that most of us do before we go to bed? We stand in a massively lit bathroom looking into the mirror cleaning our teeth. It's the worst thing we can possibly do before we went to sleep. Turn off those mobile phones. Turn off those computers. Turn off all of those things that are also going to excite the brain. Try not to drink caffeine too late in the day, ideally not after lunch. Now, we've set about reducing light exposure before you go to bed, but light exposure in the morning is very good at setting the biological clock to the light-dark cycle. So seek out morning light. Basically, listen to yourself. Wind down. Do those sorts of things that you know are going to ease you off into the honey-heavy dew of slumber.
Okay. That's some facts. What about some myths?
Teenagers are lazy. No. Poor things. They have a biological predisposition to go to bed late and get up late, so give them a break.
We need eight hours of sleep a night. That's an average. Some people need more. Some people need less. And what you need to do is listen to your body. Do you need that much or do you need more? Simple as that.
Old people need less sleep. Not true. The sleep demands of the aged do not go down. Essentially, sleep fragments and becomes less robust, but sleep requirements do not go down.
And the fourth myth is, early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. Well that's wrong at so many different levels. (Laughter) There is no, no evidence that getting up early and going to bed early gives you more wealth at all. There's no difference in socioeconomic status. In my experience, the only difference between morning people and evening people is that those people that get up in the morning early are just horribly smug.
(Laughter) (Applause)
Okay. So for the last part, the last few minutes, what I want to do is change gears and talk about some really new, breaking areas of neuroscience, which is the association between mental health, mental illness and sleep disruption. We've known for 130 years that in severe mental illness, there is always, always sleep disruption, but it's been largely ignored. In the 1970s, when people started to think about this again, they said, "Yes, well, of course you have sleep disruption in schizophrenia because they're on anti-psychotics. It's the anti-psychotics causing the sleep problems," ignoring the fact that for a hundred years previously, sleep disruption had been reported before anti-psychotics.
So what's going on? Lots of groups, several groups are studying conditions like depression, schizophrenia and bipolar, and what's going on in terms of sleep disruption. We have a big study which we published last year on schizophrenia, and the data were quite extraordinary. In those individuals with schizophrenia, much of the time, they were awake during the night phase and then they were asleep during the day. Other groups showed no 24-hour patterns whatsoever. Their sleep was absolutely smashed. And some had no ability to regulate their sleep by the light-dark cycle. They were getting up later and later and later and later each night. It was smashed.
So what's going on? And the really exciting news is that mental illness and sleep are not simply associated but they are physically linked within the brain. The neural networks that predispose you to normal sleep, give you normal sleep, and those that give you normal mental health are overlapping. And what's the evidence for that? Well, genes that have been shown to be very important in the generation of normal sleep, when mutated, when changed, also predispose individuals to mental health problems. And last year, we published a study which showed that a gene that's been linked to schizophrenia, which, when mutated, also smashes the sleep. So we have evidence of a genuine mechanistic overlap between these two important systems.
Other work flowed from these studies. The first was that sleep disruption actually precedes certain types of mental illness, and we've shown that in those young individuals who are at high risk of developing bipolar disorder, they already have a sleep abnormality prior to any clinical diagnosis of bipolar. The other bit of data was that sleep disruption may actually exacerbate, make worse the mental illness state. My colleague Dan Freeman has used a range of agents which have stabilized sleep and reduced levels of paranoia in those individuals by 50 percent.
So what have we got? We've got, in these connections, some really exciting things. In terms of the neuroscience, by understanding the neuroscience of these two systems, we're really beginning to understand how both sleep and mental illness are generated and regulated within the brain. The second area is that if we can use sleep and sleep disruption as an early warning signal, then we have the chance of going in. If we know that these individuals are vulnerable, early intervention then becomes possible. And the third, which I think is the most exciting, is that we can think of the sleep centers within the brain as a new therapeutic target. Stabilize sleep in those individuals who are vulnerable, we can certainly make them healthier, but also alleviate some of the appalling symptoms of mental illness.
So let me just finish. What I started by saying is take sleep seriously. Our attitudes toward sleep are so very different from a pre-industrial age, when we were almost wrapped in a duvet. We used to understand intuitively the importance of sleep. And this isn't some sort of crystal-waving nonsense. This is a pragmatic response to good health. If you have good sleep, it increases your concentration, attention, decision-making, creativity, social skills, health. If you get sleep, it reduces your mood changes, your stress, your levels of anger, your impulsivity, and your tendency to drink and take drugs. And we finished by saying that an understanding of the neuroscience of sleep is really informing the way we think about some of the causes of mental illness, and indeed is providing us new ways to treat these incredibly debilitating conditions.
Jim Butcher, the fantasy writer, said, "Sleep is God. Go worship." And I can only recommend that you do the same.
Thank you for your attention.
(Applause)
1.Agree or disagree: There is nothing that young people could teach old people.
In ancient times, young people should never teach old people. Old people know much more than young because they have undergone many things in their life. They lead us to the right way. Sometimes, it regarded impolite for young to teach old. But that does not mean young people really have nothing to teach old people, especially in this high-developed times. Young people usually learn things fast and learn more. They always have a smart head for new things. Therefore, young people can teach the olds how to use computer and cellphone, how to dance and so on. Also, I think old people can learn younger passion and energetic for life. That will be a good thing.
2.Should pets be allowed in university dormitories?
In my opinion, by no means should pets be allowed in dormitories. To be honest, I've been thinking in my mind to have a pet in my dorm. Lovely pets will bring much joy to our daily life. But I eventually didn't do that. Why? Because it is something selfish and irresponsible. Dormitory is a place where several people live together. To a certain degree, it is a public place. We can't just comply with our own desire while ignore other roommates?feeling. Having a pet in dorm can be troublesome or even annoying. It may make the room dirty and even in a mess. What't worse, some people are allergic to certain animals. Also, people's rest can be guaranteed. Some people may say that we could choose a mild and little pet such as fishes. In this case, if your roommates don't reject, I think it is acceptable.
We're going to go on a dive to the deep sea， and anyone that's had that lovely opportunity knows that for about two and half hours on the way down， it's a perfectly positively pitch—black world。 And we used to see the most mysterious animals out the windowthat you couldn't describe： these blinking lights —— a world of bioluminescence， like fireflies。 Dr。 Edith Widder —— she's now at the Ocean Research and Conservation Association —— was able to come up with a camera that could capture some of these incredible animals， and that's what you're seeing here on the screen。
好了，我们即将潜入海底深处。 任何一个有过这种美妙机会的人都知道 在这两个半小时的下降过程中， 是一个完全漆黑的世界。 我们透过窗户会看见世界上各种最神秘的动物， 各种无法形容的动物。这些闪亮着的光， 完美地构成了如萤火虫般发光的世界。 研究保护协会的Edith Witter博士 发明了一种照相机， 这种照相机可以拍下这些令人难以置信的生物。 这就是你现在在屏幕上看到的。
That's all bioluminescence。 So， like I said： just like fireflies。 There's a flying turkey under a tree。 （Laughter） I'm a geologist by training。 But I love that。 And you see， some of the bioluminescence they use to avoid being eaten， some they use to attract prey， but all of it， from an artistic point of view， is positively amazing。 And a lot of what goes on inside 。。。 there's a fish with glowing eyes， pulsating eyes。 Some of the colors are designed to hypnotize， these lovely patterns。 And then this last one， one of my favorites， this pinwheel design。 Just absolutely amazing， every single dive。
他们全部都是生物发光体。像我说的，就像萤火虫一样。 这是个会飞的火鸡，在树下。（笑声） 我知道我现在像是个实习期的地质学家，不过我就是喜欢。 你可以看到这些生物发出的光， 有些是为了避免被吃掉。 有些又是为引诱食物上钩。 尽管如此，用艺术的角度来看，这些都如此神奇。 再来看看这里发生了些什么—— 这条鱼有着会发光，闪烁的眼睛。 有些颜色则可以催眠。 多么有趣的图案。这是最后一个： 也是我的最爱，像转轮一样的设计。 每一次潜水都充满着惊喜。
That's the unknown world， and today we've only explored about 3 percent of what's out there in the ocean。 Already we've found the world's highest mountains， the world's deepest valleys， underwater lakes， underwater waterfalls —— a lot of that we shared with you from the stage。 And in a place where we thought no life at all， we find more life， we think， and diversity and density than the tropical rainforest， which tells us that we don't know much about this planet at all。 There's still 97 percent， and either that 97 percent is empty or just full of surprises。
这正是一个未知的世界。到今天为止，我们只探索了其中的极小部分， 大约只占了所有海洋的3%。 到现在，我们已经发现了世界上最高的山峰， 最深的峡谷， 水下湖，水下瀑布， 还有我们刚才看到的。 然而，恰是我们曾经以为根本不可能有生命的地方， 我们发现了众多的生物，还有它们的密度和多样性， 都超过了热带雨林。这告诉我们 我们实际上对自己的星球还不甚了解。 还有剩下的97%，那里要不就是一片荒芜，要不就是充满惊喜。
But I want to jump up to shallow water now and look at some creatures that are positively amazing。Cephalopods —— head—foots。 As a kid I knew them as calamari， mostly。 （Laughter） This is an octopus —— this is the work of Dr。 Roger Hanlon at the Marine Biological Lab —— and it's just fascinating how cephalopods can， with their incredible eyes， sense their surroundings， look at light， look at patterns。 Here's an octopus moving across the reef， finds a spot to settle down， curls up and then disappears into the background。 Tough thing to do。
不过我现在还是想说说浅水里的世界， 来看看那些神奇的生物。 头足类动物，有头有角。小时候我把他们当作是枪乌贼。 这是一条章鱼。 这是来自Roger Hanlon博士，海洋生物实验室的成果。 这些头足类动物真令人着迷， 它用它们的眼睛，它们那难以置信的眼睛来观察周围的环境， 看光，看图案。 这有只章鱼正在穿过礁石。 找到一个位置，停下来，卷起，然后马上消失在背景之中。 这很难做到。
In the next bit， we're going to see a couple squid。 These are squid。 Now males， when they fight， if they're really aggressive， they turn white。 And these two males are fighting， they do it by bouncing their butts together， which is an interesting concept。 Now， here's a male on the left and a female on the right， and the male has managed to split his coloration so the female only always sees the kinder gentler squid in him。 And the male 。。。 （Laughter） We're going to see it again。 Let's take a look at it again。 Watch the coloration： white on the right， brown on the left。 He takes a step back —— so he's keeping off the other males by splitting his body —— and comes up on the other side 。。。 Bingo！ Now I'm told that's not just a squid phenomenon with males， but I don't know。 （Laughter）
接下来，再来一起看一对鱿鱼。 这就是鱿鱼。当雄性鱿鱼搏斗时， 如果它们想要显示出自己的侵略性，它们就变为白色了。 这有两条雄鱿鱼在搏斗。 它们用撞屁股的方式来搏斗， 真是挺有意思的方法。这里有一条雄性在左边， 雌性在右边。 看，这条雄性能有办法利用颜色把自己分为两半， 所以雌性只能看到它温顺，优雅的一边， 雄性—— （笑声）再来看一次。 让我们再看一次。注意它的颜色： 白色在右边，棕色在左边。 它后退一步，让其它的雄性无法靠近 来到另外一边，并且马上转换颜色。 瞧！以前有人告诉我 这个雄性特征不仅仅是在鱿鱼身上，不过我也不太确定。 （掌声）
My idol is not the teacher nor tireless in teaching others, worship the renowned star light, but my mother has been bred.
I remember when I was a child, I was born sick. I closed my eyes, quietly on the bed rest. Sometimes my brow, and breathing heavily, the pain of torture made her lose vitality. Mother saw my face pale without a trace of blood, an_ious in mind, and finally, my mother made up her mind to take me to the doctor.
Mom called me from the bed, so I got up and struggled to sit up in bed, pale face was contorted with pain, thin sweat oozed from his forehead, as if every move is great torment. Get out of bed, my mother took me out to the bus station, I saw neither fast nor slow to move forward, and her mother an_ious to go, I fear that the disease was delayed. We just got on the bus. Unfortunately, God changed his face and it began to rain cats and dogs. As if the broken line of pearls fell down one by one. There were two people in the car, one of whom was drenched through the side window, and the other was affected a bit. The mother took the bag towel wipe, then hesitated, because if she chooses to let me sit in the wet chair, and he sat ne_t to the position, is impossible, I'm afraid no mother will do it. But if Mom chooses to keep our mother and daughter standing, I can't stand even when I'm sick, let alone the rickety car! My mother sat bravely in the drenched position, letting me sit ne_t to her and blocking my rain with a huge body. This time I go, unaware. It's raining harder and harder as if to drown the world. My mother shivered, but I didn't look at it. The young I begin to cry, the mother said: “ a mother, I want to change my seat with you, I want to see the scenery. &rdquo: I looked at my mother with innocent eyes, but my mother shook her head resolutely, without hesitation. I pursed a small mouth, lit the sulk. To the hospital, we got off the bus, I stared at my mother with resentment eyes, but saw the mother's right has been wet, I suddenly tears, hugged her mother said: “ I'm sorry, mom, I never so headstrong ”. Mom said, "&ldquo, it doesn't matter. You're sick. I can't let you get wet in the rain, &rdquo.";. Say and smile.
Mother's love for me is so holy, so noble, so selfless. Isn't that enough to be my idol?
Stepping into the new century environment pollution has become more serious than ever since. There are different kinds of pollution. Such as water pollution air pollution and noise pollution and so on. It seems that we live on a planet which is full of pollution. where all these pollution comes from? To a large extend the environmental destruction is the heavy price that we pay for the rapid development of economy and the growing population. In order to have more fuel people cut down trees and dig more corals. But the growing needs for energy are hardly to meet. Countless private cars on the street the gas stations are short of gasoline even the government has raise the price so many times in order to control the needs of gasoline but it’s still not working. Overusing the natural resources has already affected the ecological balance. However the factories still release the toxic air into the sky and the polluted water into the rivers. People still lack of the conscious of protecting the environment. I think it’s time for all of us to do something.
Stepping into the new century environment pollution has become more serious than ever since. There are different kinds of pollution. Such as water pollution air pollution and noise pollution and so on. It seems that we live on a planet which is full of pollution. where all these pollution comes from? To a large extend the environmental destruction is the heavy price that we pay for the rapid development of economy and the growing population. In order to have more fuel people cut down trees and dig more corals. But the growing needs for energy are hardly to meet. Countless private cars on the street the gas stations are short of gasoline even the government has raise the price so many times in order to control the needs of gasoline but it’s still not working. Overusing the natural resources has already affected the ecological balance. However the factories still release the toxic air into the sky and the polluted water into the rivers. People still lack of the conscious of protecting the environment. I think it’s time for all of us to do something.
Good evening, everyone. My name is WangHaili. I am an outgoing girl who likes reading and traveling. It’s really my great honor to stand here and give everyone a short speech.
People say, youth is fire which is ignited by passion. People say, youth is a chapter of the poem which is written by stories. The color of youth is bright and we make most use of our ardor to draw the scenes to the canvas of painting. But we may be confused and lose our direction in the youth time. Under this, youth slips away. Roman Roland says, life doesn’t issue return ticket and can never come back once sets out. So we should seize the short youth time and try our best to pursue our ideal. Do what should we do and let our youth without regret.
When we refer to ideal, we will realize the importance of ideal. Ideal is the beacon,. Without ideal, we will lose the firm direction. Without direction, we will lose our life. According to this, every one of us should establish our own ideal .so that we have the direction of straggle to the future. Tolstoy tells us, we should have the life objective from the whole life to the second. So we should cherish every moment and form our systematic objective. Youth is the prime time. We have strong body and energy and can sense the meaning of life under the guide of ideal.
Everyone has a role model in their. As the old saying goes: An idol is an example to advise you what should do and what should not do. My role model is my middle school teacher , a beautiful woman with a long hair.
I can’t forget that time which I spent with my teacher. When I start my middle school life, I can’t adapt to the environment . So have a difficulity making a good friend with my classmates . At that time ,I ‘m very shy . I have no idea about how to solve this thing . When I lose confidence in the school life .M y teacher starts to attention to me . She chats with me in a role of my friend and helps me how to enjoy new life .She also introduce many friends to me
Gradually , I became outgoing and energy happy . So I thank my teacher very much .Since then ,I made a decision to be a teacher to help students who need help.
She is the person just I want to be, so I endeavor to be a person like my teacher: a tolerant, responsible and an optimistic person.
My role model is my teacher; I hope I will be the idol of my students , if I’m a teacher.