有关茶的英语演讲稿（通用34篇）
Every one has his own dream.When I was a little kid ,my dream was even to have a candy shop of my own .But now ,when I am 16 years old ,standing here ,my dreams have already changed a lot.
I have got quite different experience from other girls.While they were playing toys at home,while they were dreaming to be the princesses in the story .I was running in the hard rain,jumping in the heavy snow,pitching in the strong wind.Nothing could stop me ,because of a wonderful call from my heart -- to be an athlete.Yeah ,of course ,I'm an athlete,I'm so proud of that all the time .
When I was 10 years old ,I became a shot-put athlete.The training was really hard ,I couldn't bear the heavy shot in my hands .But I always believe that "god only help those who help themselves".During those hard days,I find I was growing more quickly than others of the same age.To be an athlete is my most correct choice.But,I quit my team after entering high school because of a silly excuse.I really didn't want to stop my sports career anyway.
Today I say to you my friends that even though I must face the difficulties of yesterday ,today and tomorrow .I still have a dream .It is a dream deeply rooted in my soul.
I have a dream that one day ,I can run,jump and pitch just like I used to be.
I have a dream that one day , I can go back to my dream sports and join the national team.
I have a dream that one day ,I can stand on the highest place at the olympic games.With all the cameras pointing at me.I will tell everyone that I'm so proud to be a Chinese athlete!
This is my hope .This is the faith that I continue my steps with!!!
With this faith ,I will live though the strong wind and heavy rain ,never give up !
So let victory ring from my heart,from all of you.When we allow victory to ring .I must be the one!
In my imagination,I'm a bird ,a magical bird.I carry my dreams all with me by my big wings. I fly though the mountains ,though the forests ,over the sea,to the sun ,the warmest place in the aerospace!
青春的颜色 The Color of YouthCollege is the very amazing stage for students,they have gone through the hard time and finally come to their dream place. Inthis beautiful age, students are young and full of energy, their color of youthshould be red, which meansactive.大学是学生非常美妙的阶段,他们已经度过了艰难的时期,最终来到他们梦想的地方。在这个美丽的年纪,学生是年轻和充满活力,青春的颜色应该是红色的,这意味着活跃。Forcollege students, their main energy should be put on study. It is the age offighting, they need to learn more knowledge, so that they can make somepreparation for their future. What they learn will decide what kind of job theywill do in the future. It is important to master the skills and find their ownadvantages.对大学生来说,他们的主要精力应该放在学习。这是奋斗的年纪,他们需要学习更多的知识,这样他们就可以为他们的未来做准备。他们学习什么将决定他们将来会做什么样的工作。重要的是要掌握技巧,找到自己的优势。Besidesstudy, joining the activity is also part of their lives. They can learn how toget along with others and cooperate with other students. Cooperation is reallyimportant, the employers take special attention on this ability. So joining theactivity can cultivate students’ practicalskills.除了学习,参加活动也是他们生活的一部分。他们可以学习如何与他人相处和与其他学生合作。合作是非常重要的,雇主特别关注这一能力。所以参加活动可以培养学生的实践技能。Thecolor of youth is red, it is full of energy, students store their knowledge andfight for their future.青春的颜色是红色的,它充满了能量,学生在储备他们的.知识和为他们的未来而奋斗。
i have the answer to a question that we've all asked. the question is, why is it that the letter x represents the unknown? now i know we learned that in math class, but now it's everywhere in the culture -- the x prize, the x-files, project x, tedx. where'd that come from?
about six years ago i decided that i would learn arabic, which turns out to be a supremely logical language. to write a word or a phrase or a sentence in arabic is like crafting an equation, because every part is extremely precise and carries a lot of information. that's one of the reasons so much of what we've come to think of as western science and mathematics and engineering was really worked out in the first few centuries of the common era by the persians and the arabs and the turks.
this includes the little system in arabic called al-jebra. and al-jebr roughly translates to “the system for reconciling disparate parts.“ al-jebr finally came into english as algebra. one example among many.
the arabic texts containing this mathematical wisdom finally made their way to europe -- which is to say spain -- in the 11th and 12th centuries. and when they arrived there was tremendous interest in translating this wisdom into a european language.
but there were problems. one problem is there are some sounds in arabic that just don't make it through a european voice box without lots of practice. trust me on that one. also, those very sounds tend not to be represented by the characters that are available in european languages.
here's one of the culprits. this is the letter sheen, and it makes the sound we think of as sh -- “sh.“ it's also the very first letter of the word shalan, which means “something“ just like the the english word “something“ -- some undefined, unknown thing.
now in arabic, we can make this definite by adding the definite article “al.“ so this is al-shalan -- the unknown thing. and this is a word that appears throughout early mathematics, such as this 10th century derivation of proofs.
the problem for the medieval spanish scholars who were tasked with translating this material is that the letter sheen and the word shalan can't be rendered into spanish because spanish doesn't have that sh, that “sh“ sound. so by convention, they created a rule in which they borrowed the ck sound, “ck“ sound, from the classical greek in the form of the letter kai.
later when this material was translated into a common european language, which is to say latin, they simply replaced the greek kai with the latin x. and once that happened, once this material was in latin, it formed the basis for mathematics textbooks for almost 600 years.
but now we have the answer to our question. why is it that x is the unknown? x is the unknown because you can't say “sh“ in spanish. (laughter) and i thought that was worth sharing.
Good evening ,Ladies and Gentlemen:
Thank you very much for choosing to come in such a cold night.Today my topic is about choice and process.A research shows that a man has to make 73 choices one day.With so many choices one day, people easily get so confused and afraid of making wrong choice that they hesitate and finally miss the true part of life. In my opinion, the following part is of much more importance than the choice. There is no absolute right or wrong choice but wonderful or boring life, which the process makes the difference. Life is a box of chocolate,you never know what you will get. Forrest Gump made no decision by and for himself but he accomplished great success with his strong will in the process. The process is not the road itself but the attitudes and feelings ,the caution, courage and persistance we have as we encounter new experience and unexpected obstacles. Take myself as an example, I changed my major when I became a postgraduate. After the choice,days have been harsh for me.I cannot understand the new lessons at all. For they are closely related to mathmatics which I learned nothing about before. However wuth the belief that this is the great chance for me to experience new ideas and challenge myself,I persisted. I asked for help from every channel and reorgonized my life. Gradually I could understand some parts and even found maths interesting.Moreover, I learned to act instead of complaining. In retrospect,the choice left no trace in my mind but the happiness and bitterness of the past four months becomes an unforgetable experience in my life.
NO matter what the choice is, enjoy the process. In the process, your potential will be inspired and new discoveries,improvement and progress will come to you. These are the most beautiful sceneries and only on the way can you see it.These make your life colorful.
There is no need and I donnot want to judge whether it right or wrong for me to be here,but I congratulate to myself for I gain a and enjoy this fantastic experience. So my dear friends,never worry about your choice and enjoy the process. I am sure you will get something new and intersting tonight after you chose to come here. Thank you!
翻译：晚上好,女士们,先生们: 非常感谢您选择在这样一个寒冷的夜晚。今天我的话题是关于选择和过程。一个研究表明,一个人必须选择73一天。有这么多选择一天,人容易困惑和害怕犯错误的选择,他们犹豫,最后错过了真正的生活的一部分。在我看来,下面的部分是比选择更重要。没有绝对正确或错误的选择但精彩或枯燥的生活,这一过程的区别。 生活是一盒巧克力,你永远不知道你会得到什么。阿甘为自己做出任何决定,但他用坚强的意志完成了巨大的成功。
过程不是道路本身,而是态度和感受,谨慎,勇气和持久性我们当我们遇到新的经历和意想不到的障碍。以我自己为例,我改变了我的专业当我成为一个研究生。在选择之后,天已经严厉的对我来说。我无法理解新课程。因为他们是密切相关的数学,我学到了什么。然而wuth相信,这对我来说是伟大的机会去体验新的想法和挑战我自己,我依然存在。我要求帮助从每个通道和reorgonized我的生活。逐渐我可以理解一些地区甚至发现数学有趣。此外,我学会了行动,而不是抱怨。
回想起来,选择没有留下任何痕迹在我的脑海里,但幸福和痛苦过去的四个月成为一个难忘的经历在我的生命中。 无论选择什么,享受这个过程。在这个过程中,将激发你的潜力和新发现,改进和进步必到你们这里来。这些都是最美丽的风景在路上,只有你能看到它。这些让你的生活丰富多彩。 没有必要,我不想来判断是否对还是错我在这里,但是我对自己祝贺我获得和享受这美妙的体验。所以亲爱的朋友,永远不会担心你的选择和享受这个过程。我相信你会得到一些新的和有趣今晚在你选择来这里。谢谢你们!
What is a great book? There is no end to the making of books. Nor doesthere seem to be any end to the making lists of great books. There has always bemore books than one could read. You can be happy at the fact that the number ofthat is relatively small.
However,today,people usually leave it in the library. According to thenational reading survey issued by The China Academy of Press and Publication, in20__, only 55% Chinese aged between18 and 70 book read books .That is to say,there are more than forty percent of the people seldom read in China.
It is a great challenge to literature. As a educated student,have youinsist on reading great books. In order to change the situation ,we must takeactions to read great books.
In Adler’s essay of What is A Great Book, he explain why we should readgreat books. I conclude it as follows.
First,great books are the most readable. They will not let you down ,if youread them well. The have more ideas per page than most books in the theirentirety. This is why you can read a great book over and over again and neverexhaust it contents.
Second ,great books are always contemporary,in contrast to the books wecalled contemporary,because they are currently popular ,last for a year ortow,or ten at most. You may probably can not recall the names of many earlierbest sellers,and you may probably would not be interest in reading them. But thegreat are never out modeled by the movement of thought or the shifting winds ofopinion .
Third ,great books are the most instructive. This follows the fact thatthey are original communications. They contain what cannot be found in otherbooks. Whether you ultimately agree or disagree what they say. They are theprimary teachers of mankind. They have made basic contribution to human right.
Just giving you the reason is not enough, I will give you some methods torealize you reading dream.
Firstly,you can begin with a interesting novel. You will be attracted bythe figures,the plots .Than ,after reading a lot of books ,you may be get into ahabit of reading. So,you can contact with some complex books,such as philosophy,arts and so on. You will be shocked at the new world.
There are countless great books in our library,you must make greatadvantage of it. Of course ,it is a better choice to buy great books. Collectingbooks is a enjoyable thing,at least for me. So,reading great books. The newworld is coming.
Boys and girls:
We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely....
One possible version:
Boys and girls:
We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely. First of all, some of us are upset about their figures and looks. Personally, I argue that it is one's inner beauty that really matters. That is why we needn't care about it.
Second, when we are misunderstood by our teachers, parents or even classmates, we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, as communication is the best way to remove misunderstandings. Some of us complain they have few true friends. Being open-minded and ready to help others will surely gain popularity among peers.
Third, we may fall behind others, which makes us stressed. Determined to work efficiently, we can overcome any difficulty. If necessary, we may turn to the teachers for help.
Last, some of us don't have much pocket money, so they feel unhappy. Isn't it strange? So long as we have some, that's enough. We high school students should learn to save, as saving is a good virtue of the Chinese, shouldn’t we?
That's all. Thank you.
Directions:
You are going to s a letter to your fri for the new year. Please write it in about 100 words and do not need to write the address.
Dear Mr. Carter,
As a new year comes across the corner, it gives us great pleasure to say how much we have appreciated working with you over the past twelve months. It was a good memory for me which I always kept in my mind. Would you be the same with me? Last year was a wonderful year and we both got many benefits and progress each other. I sincerely hope that our pleasant business relationship will continue for years to come.
Our staff here join me in wishing you a very Merry Christmas and a Happy and Prosperous New Year.
Yours sincerely,
Chengdu Culture—Chengdu is a city with a long history. It is called the “Heavenly Land of Plenty” for its fertile land, mild climate, rich products. In the Western Han Dynasty, Chengdu was famous for its brocade industry and had a good reputation of “Brocade City”.
One of the kings of Sichuan once planted Confederate roses on top of all the city walls, and that is why Chengdu is also called “The City of Confederate rose”. In history, Chengdu had prosperous waterways, numerous bridges, flourishing trees and flowers. It is called “the flower city”.
Chengdu has so many elements that attract visitors and make them reluctant to leave. This proposal adopts the Chinese traditional paper-cut art style into the pattern design of seats,
depicting beautiful scenery, delicious food and entertaining activities characteristic of Chengdu. It communicates the message that Chengdu Airlines will always offer warmhearted service to passengers.
Chinese tea Chinese tea culture, tea culture. As open seven things (leading a poor You yan jiangcu tea), one of tea in ancient China is very common. Chinese tea culture and tea culture in Europe and America or Japan, a great difference. Chinese tea culture has a long history, profound, not only contains the material and cultural level, also contains a deep spiritual level.
Tea by Lu Yu of the Tang Dynasty in the history of Chinese tea culture and sounded the horn. Since then, the spirit of tea permeates the court and society, into the Chinese poetry, painting, calligraphy, religion, medicine. For thousands of years China has not only accumulated a great deal about tea cultivation, production of material culture, but also accumulated rich spirit of the tea culture, which is unique to China's tea culture, a cultural study areas.
It is 4000 years since the Chinese began to grow and drink tea.
There are many kinds of tea in China, of which Longjing Tea is famous all over the world.
Tea is usually drunk in tea sets. A tea set is made up of a tea pot and some teacups, which are both made of china.
Most Chinese are fond of drinking tea. Tea is served not only at tea house and restaurants but also at home. People also drink tea during breaks at offices or factories.
It has been discovered that drinking tea does a lot of good to people’s health. A cup of tea can make you relaxed and refreshed. And it’s said that green tea can prevent cancers. That’s why tea is becoming more and more popular with people.
At last ,I hope you can enjoy Chinese tea.
Friendship is a plant trees
Busy time,want to rest,
Holiday,think the future.
The poor to rich;,
Life was at ease,not afraid of happiness.
This decision,worry as expected results,
See,regret not determined.
Don't belong to oneself,often be desire,
In his hand,and not having missed the relaxed before.
Life if not now,when?
A man can do no reason with you,but for relatives
A man without reason not to do forever friends
I'll think of you.
Also remember happened drops.
Until we are old age would like this in front of a computer mutual defense?
Anyway,I hope we are always sincere friends (relative friend)
Friends like you who know you too
Wish you can cherish every friend around
Because of you I have the fate,can become the friend
Can become the friend,more rare!
Time is not your friend,I became the reason
But can prove to
Your friend's care not in vain!
Hope you are my good friends!
When you are happy,and friends to share with him,
Friend,you are not happy can give you angry,
Friends,but also in your dinner money when playing save you,
Friends,you can so desperately stuffy with your hands together,
Friends,are willing to give lessons you copy with you together,together with the cat was punished,
Friends,you buy a hand,want to buy a letter of big gave him,
Friends,but also you see his online!
Want to realize how much a value,you can ask a failure of students.
Want to realize how much value in January,you can ask an unfortunate prematurely mother.
Want to realize how much value of a week,you can ask a regular the editor of a weekly newspaper.
Want to realize how much value for an hour,you can ask a pair of lovers waiting together.
Want to realize how much one minute value,you can ask a person who missed the train.
Want to experience a second how much value,you can ask one of the lucky escape.
Want to realize a millisecond how much value,you can ask a miss gold medal athlete.
Friend the little touched,little things to share
Friend you go cry,hold your shoulders
Friend you face setbacks,hold your hands
Hello?
You can see he is you and his fate
You can make friends with people around you and you and his fate
Even if you don't know the meteors will disappear when
But if you cherish every moment to see this meteor
That if you don't go the meteor regret
Please cherish everyone around them
Treasure the friendship!
Like tree,friendship is a plant trees because of friendship
(TREE) :
T:Trust
R:Respect for ,
E:Exchange
E:would the reality
Friend is virtually with you through wind and support you forever
A friend is a kind of good feelings inexplicable
Friend is in others
Forever protects you before the people
Friend is even little touched,little things to share
Friend is when you sorrow,you of shoulder that person
Friend is when you face setbacks,hold your hands
Like rain,because you don't know my tears...
Nothing is difficult if you put your heart on it. Nothing is easy if you don’t try your best.
We often hear people say, "Never give up." This can be encouraging words and words of determination. A person who believes in them will keep trying to reach his goal no matter how many times he fails. In my opinion, the quality of determination to succeed is an important one to have. Therefore, I believe that we should never give up.
One reason is that if we give up too easily, we will rarely achieve anything. It is not unusual for us to fail in our first attempt at something new, so we should not feel discouraged and should try again. Besides, if we always give up when we fail, we will not be able to develop new skills and grow as people. Another reason we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make a new effort. If we do not try again, the lesson we have learned is wasted. Finally, we should never give up because as we work to reach our goals, we develop confidence, and this confidence can help us succeed in other areas of our lives.
Probably the greatest example of persistence is Abraham Lincoln. Born into poverty, Lincoln was faced with defeat throughout his life. He lost eight elections, twice failed in business and suffered a nervous breakdown.
He could have quit many times - but he didn't and because he didn't quit, he became one of the greatest presidents in the history of our country.
Lincoln was a champion and he never gave up.
In short, it is important that we don’t give up when working for our goals. Whether we succeed in the end or not, we will learn something, and what we learn will help us to become better, more confident people. Furthermore, if we give up, we have no chance of attaining our goals, but if we keep trying, there is always a chance that we will succeed one k you very much!
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, I’m very glad to make a speech here. Today my topic is “I love you, China.”
Since the day I was born, I began to have a proud name—Chinese. Since the day I began to talk, the most beautiful sentence I’ve ever learnt has been “I love you, China!”
I love you, China, and I’m so proud of being a Chinese. I’m proud that I’ve got the beautiful yellow skin, black eyes and black hair. I’m also proud that I speak the most beautiful language in the world—Chinese.
I love you, China, for I can feel the deep love you give me every day, every minute. Last year, I got an opportunity to visit the United States of America. During my staying there, my father’s boss once invited my family to dinner. While at , he looked at me and asked: “Little boy, how long have you been in America?” “About a month,” I answered, “How lucky you are!” he said, “If you were living in China, how could you learn such perfect English?” I smiled and told him proudly that all the students in China are able to learn English at school. I saw his surprised eyes and said to myself, “I’m proud of you, China ”
1.Agree or disagree: There is nothing that young people could teach old people.
In ancient times, young people should never teach old people. Old people know much more than young because they have undergone many things in their life. They lead us to the right way. Sometimes, it regarded impolite for young to teach old. But that does not mean young people really have nothing to teach old people, especially in this high-developed times. Young people usually learn things fast and learn more. They always have a smart head for new things. Therefore, young people can teach the olds how to use computer and cellphone, how to dance and so on. Also, I think old people can learn younger passion and energetic for life. That will be a good thing.
2.Should pets be allowed in university dormitories?
In my opinion, by no means should pets be allowed in dormitories. To be honest, I've been thinking in my mind to have a pet in my dorm. Lovely pets will bring much joy to our daily life. But I eventually didn't do that. Why? Because it is something selfish and irresponsible. Dormitory is a place where several people live together. To a certain degree, it is a public place. We can't just comply with our own desire while ignore other roommates?feeling. Having a pet in dorm can be troublesome or even annoying. It may make the room dirty and even in a mess. What't worse, some people are allergic to certain animals. Also, people's rest can be guaranteed. Some people may say that we could choose a mild and little pet such as fishes. In this case, if your roommates don't reject, I think it is acceptable.
Friendship
友谊
Every one of us, rich or poor, should at least have one or two good friends. My friends will listen to me when I want to speak, will wipe my eyes when I cry, will take care of me when I am sick, and my friends will go together with me side by side through this journey of life.
我们每个人,不论富裕还是贫穷,至少应该有一个或两个好朋友。我的朋友会听我说,如果我想说话,要擦去我的眼睛当我哭泣,会照顾我在我生病时,我的朋友将与我一起肩并肩在这人生旅程。
Friendship is a kind of treasure in our lives. It is actually like a bottle of wine, the longer it is kept, the sweeter it will be. It is also like a cup of tea. When we are thirsty, it will be our best choice, but when we have enough time to enjoy ourselves, it is also the most fragrant drink.
友谊是一种财宝在我们的生活。它实际上是像一瓶酒,越久保留,这将是更香甜。它就像一杯茶。当我们口渴时,这将是对我们最好的选择,但当我们有足够的时间去玩得很开心的,它也是最芬芳的饮料。
All of us have to spare some time for personal lives. We have to find the chance to express our emotion and love. When staying with our friends, we can release ourselves completely. We can do whatever we want, we can laugh together, talk together, and even cry to-gether. I should say that being together with our best friends is the most wonderful moment of our lives.
我们所有的人都要花点时间来个人的生活。我们必须找到机会来表达我们的感情和爱。当住在我们的朋友,我们可以放松自己完全。我们可以做任何我们想要的,我们能一起大声笑,一起交谈,甚至哭泣下。我应该说,是我们最好的朋友一起是最精彩的时刻,我们的生活。
As we know, we would feel lonely if we didn't even have a friend. But it doesn't mean we could depend on our friends all the time. There is a famous motto saying that “A friend is like a quilt with cotton wadding, but the real thing that keeps you warm is your own temperature.” It is really true. We have to work hard together with our friends, encourage each other and help each other. When we receive love and friendship, we should repay as much as we can.
正如我们所知道的,我们会感到寂寞,如果我们还没有一个朋友。但这并不意味着我们可以依靠我们的朋友。有个著名的格言说:“一个朋友就像一个棉花棉丝被子,但真正的东西,是使你暖和是你自己的温度。“这是真的。我们必须努力同我们的朋友,互相激励,互相帮助。当我们能收到更多的爱与友谊,我们应该偿还高达就可以了。
Finally, let's pray together now that one day, all of us could find the person we want to find, and could enjoy a real beautiful friendship in our lives. Let's pray the flower of friendship be-tween our friends and us would always bloom brightly in our hearts
最后,让我们一起祈祷了,有一天,我们都能找到我们想找的人,就可以享受一段美好友谊的真正左右我们的生活了。让我们一起祈祷友谊之花却成为我们的朋友,我们将永远绽放鲜艳的在我们的心中
The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West.
Waking up on New Year, everybody dresses up. First they extend greetings to their parents. Then each child will get money as a New Year gift, wrapped up in red paper. People in northern China will eat jiaozi, or dumplings, for breakfast, as they think "jiaozi" in sound means "bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new".
That Chinese people pay more attention to be polite,while it is different from other countries .And chinese culture is brilliant and they know how to use a brush to write
Now dragon is the symbol of the whole Chinese people.
Dragon is a animal worshipped by the Chinese people from the time immemorial. But what is it? No one knows.
Some people think that the Yanzi crocodile is the archetype of the dragon. However, most people hold that dragon is a combination of many animals. And the abilities of those animals have been collected to it. Wang Chong, once pointed that the horn of dragon liked deers one, the
Good evening, honorable judges, dear teachers, my fellow students: I feel so honored to have this privilege to give you a speech which entitled “A Chinese Dream”. Over two thousand years ago, Confucius, the greatest educator and the idea of “building a world of Datong”. What is “Datong”? In modern peoples eyes, it means “Great Unity”. It refers to a world in which everyone, rich or poor, noble or humble, plays his part appropriately and everything is righteously placed and distributed. It seems that only those illustrious figures like state leaders or great scholars and scientists have the obligation to shoulder this dream of establishing “great unity.” It seems that such an ordinary sophomore in college like me has nothing to do with the realization of this lofty dream. If you should think so, ladies and gentlemen, I am afraid you are wrong, for tonight, I am here to say that as a Chinese, I strongly feel the call of duty from my soul. I am studying here in college to carry on this dream, and I am confident enough to say that I can make my contribution to shape the face of future China. You may say that youve been fed up with such clichs as “studying hard” or “protecting the environment”. Well, I feel exactly the same. Therefore, today instead of thinking and talking big, Id rather discuss my contribution in a comparatively narrow sense: do the best to fulfill my duty. And as I am saying this, right here right now, I am playing my part as a contestant in the integrated skills competition by preparing and delivering a speech to the best of my ability. We all know that big things happen when we do the small things right. In the same conscientious manner as I work out a speech, a teacher tutors every one of his students, a doctor treats every one of his patients, and a government official cares about the general welfare of the people. We can see the power of the individual becomes magical when each person in this society is taking his or her responsibility seriously. Dear friends, although I am nobody, and I cant instill an ideology into your mind, I still, in my own way, hold on tight to the Chinese dream. It is the collection of every single Chinese citizens every little effort that constitutes the everlasting dream of “Datong”. It seems that Ive already envisioned the glorious face of future China in my mind. And Im happy because I have done my bit to help shape it by being the best of me today. How about you, my fellow students? Finally, may the blessings of Datong be with China forever. Thank you!
If I speak in the tongues of men and of angels, but have not love, I am only a resounding gong or a clanging cymbal. If I have the gift of prophecy and can fathom all mysteries and all knowledge, and if I have a faith that can move mountains, but have not love, I am nothing. If I give all I possess to the poor and surrender my body to the flames, but have not love, I gain nothing.
Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs.
Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres.
Love never fails. But where there are prophecies, they will cease; where there are tongues, they will be stilled; where there is knowledge, it will pass away. For we know in part and we prophesy in part, but when perfection comes, the imperfect disappears. When I was a child, I talked like a child, I thought like a child, I reasoned like a child. When I became a man, I put childish ways behind me. Now we see but a poor reflection as in a mirror; then we shall see face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I am fully known. And now these three remain: faith, hope and love. But the greatest of these is love.
It hurts to love someone and not be loved in return. But what is more painful is to love someone and never find the courage to let that person know how you feel.
A sad thing in life is when you meet someone who means a lot to you, only to find out in the end that it was never meant to be and you just have to let go.
The best kind of friend is the kind you can sit on a porch swing with, never say a word, and then walk away feeling like it was the best conversation you've ever had.
It's true that we don't know what we've got until we lose it, but it's also true that we don't know what we've been missing until it arrives.
It takes only a minute to get a crush on someone, an hour to like someone, and a day to love someone but it takes a lifetime to forget someone. Don't go for looks; they can deceive. Don't go for wealth, even that fades away. Go for someone who makes you smile because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright.
Dream what you want to dream; go where you want to go; be what you want to be, because you have only one life and one chance to do all the things you want to do.
Always put yourself in the other's shoes. If you feel that it hurts you, it probably hurts the person too.
A careless word may kindle strife; a cruel word may wreck a life; a timely word may level stress; a loving word may heal and bless.
The happiest of people don't necessarily have the best of everything they just make the most of everything that comes along their way.
Love begins with a smile, grows with a kiss, ends with a tear. When you were born, you were crying and everyone around you was smiling. Live your life so that when you die, you're the one smiling and everyone around you is crying.
There was once a guy who suffered from cancer, a cancer that can?'t be cured. He was 18 years old and he could die anytime. All his life, he was stuck in his house being taken cared by his mother. He never went outside but he was sick of staying home and wanted to go out for once. So he asked his mother and she gave him permission.
He walked down his block and found a lot of stores. He passed a CD store and looked through the front door for a second as he walked. He stopped and went back to look into the store. He saw a beautiful girl about his age and he knew it was love at first sight. He opened the door and walked in, not looking at anything else but her. He walked closer and closer until he was finally at the front desk where she sat.
She looked up and asked, “Can I help you?”
She smiled and he thought it was the most beautiful smile he has ever seen before and wanted to kiss her right there.
He said, “Uh… Yeah… Umm… I would like to buy a CD.”
He picked one out and gave her money for it.
"Would you like me to wrap it for you?” she asked, smiling her cute smile again.
He nodded and she went to the back. She came back with the wrapped CD and gave it to him. He took it and walked out of the store.
He went home and from then on, he went to that store every day and bought a CD, and she wrapped it for him. He took the CD home and put it in his closet. He was still too shy to ask her out and he really wanted to but he couldn't. His mother found out about this and told him to just ask her. So the next day, he took all his courage and went to the store as usual. He bought a CD like he did every day and once again she went to the back of the store and came back with it wrapped. He took it and when she wasn't looking, he left his phone number on the desk and ran out…
One day the phone rang, and the mother picked it up and said, “Hello?”
It was the girl! The mother started to cry and said, “You don?'t know? He passed away yesterday…”
The line was quiet except for the cries of the boy's mother. Later in the day, the mother went into the boy?'s room because she wanted to remember him. She thought she would start by looking at his clothes. So she opened the closet.
She was face to face with piles and piles and piles of unopened CDs. She was surprised to find all these CDs and she picked one up and sat down on the bed and she started to open one. Inside, there was a CD and as she took it out of the wrapper, out fell a piece of paper. The mother picked it up and started to read it. It said: Hi… I think U R really cute. Do u wanna go out with me? Love, Jocelyn.
The mother was deeply moved and opened another CD…
Again there was a piece of paper. It said: Hi… I think U R really cute. Do u wanna go out with me? Love, Jocelyn.
Love is… when you?'ve had a huge fight but then decide to put aside your egos, hold hands and say, “I Love You.”
hello everyone!
This year's November 9 is fire awareness day. The theme of this activity is "enhancing the fire safety responsibility and fire safety awareness of the whole people". When it comes to fire fighting, students will naturally think of the creepy word "fire". For the primary school students in our campus, how to escape and save themselves in case of fire? To solve this problem, fire experts introduced the ten methods of escape and self rescue in case of fire in public gathering places.
Please listen carefully:
First, we should understand and be familiar with the environment. When you walk into shopping malls, hotels, restaurants, song and dance halls and other public places, you should pay attention to the location of emergency exits, emergency exits and fire extinguishers, so as to evacuate and extinguish fire in time in case of accidents. Second, evacuate quickly. Once you hear the fire alarm or realize that you are surrounded by fire, you should immediately try to evacuate.
Third, protect the respiratory system. Towel or napkin cloth, mask, clothes, etc. can be used to cover the mouth and nose tightly during escape, otherwise there will be the risk of poisoning and suffocation of respiratory system soft tissue burned by hot air. Fourth, evacuate from the passageway. Such as evacuation stairs, fire elevators, outdoor evacuation stairs, etc. Windows, balconies, roofs, lightning wires, downpipes, etc. can also be considered for escape.
Fifth, use ropes to slide. Use a strong rope or tear the curtains, sheets and bedding into strips, screw them into ropes, wet them with water, and tie them to the firm heating pipes, window frames and bedsteads. The trapped people slide one by one along the rope to the next floor or ground.
The sixth floor is the low floor jump off, which is applicable to the second floor. Before jumping, throw some soft items such as quilts, pillows, mattresses and coats to the ground for "soft landing", and then hold the window with your hands, droop and slide naturally, so as to shorten the jumping height.
Seventh, we should use equipment. Commonly used are descent device, life bag, net, air cushion, soft ladder, slide rod, slide platform, guide rope, life-saving gangway, etc.
8. Temporary asylum. When there is no way to escape, the toilet can be used to temporarily make it difficult. When taking refuge, spray the fire doors and windows with water to wet all combustibles in the room and prolong the time. During the period of temporary asylum, take the initiative to contact the outside world in order to be rescued as soon as possible.
9. Using signs to guide people out of danger. Signs such as "emergency exit", "emergency exit", "safety passage", "fire alarm telephone" and brief escape direction are set on the walls, ceilings, doors and corners of public places. The trapped people can escape in order according to the direction indicated by the signs, which can solve the "urgent need".
10. we should promote self-interest. We should resolutely stop the behavior of disregarding the life and death of others and the phenomenon of front hugging and back crowding. Only orderly and rapid evacuation can minimize casualties.
There are still a lot of common sense about fire safety. Please log in to "China fire protection network" and other relevant websites at home or with the permission of your computer teacher this week to learn more about fire safety.
Thank you!
Good morning ladies and gentleman. My name is Miller. I’d like to talk to you today about the topic of Traffic Jams in Shanghai. The purpose of this talk is to analysis the problem of traffic jams and try to make some advices in my view. I shall only take about four minutes of your times. I’ve divided my presentation into three parts.
First. Status. Yesterday, I went to XuJiaHui. I start my route at 1:00pm. When I arrived home, it was 8:00pm. I only use nearly 3 hours on shopping. That means I almost waste 4 hours on the way. That is the Traffic Jams Status in Shanghai.
Second. Reasons. I found that the traffic management is the most serious problem in the traffic system. In some important crossroads, there are no enough traffic police to do the traffic grooming. It’s irrational. We paid so much taxes, but we cannot comfort what we should get. For example, on the overhead, two cars had made a traffic accident. This leaded the traffic jams. We had not see the traffic police from start to end. It took me nearly 10 minutes on the overhead. It was happened yesterday.
Third. To solve it. What I can advice is just add more traffic polices in the important crossroads. It’s the most useful way to solve the traffic jams. Because yesterday when we nearly went out the overhead, the speed was increased obviously. We found several traffic polices in the crossroad. They commanded cars and then the traffic went well.
That brings me to the end of my presentation. Let me just run over the key points again. Traffic jams was made by several resources. To solve it, we can depend on the traffic police. But for ourselves, to drive more carefully, more reasonably, maybe is another way to decrease the traffic jams.
Thank you for your attention. Any questions?
I like a lot of foods, like rice, noodles, dumplings, porridge, hamburgersand so on. But my favourite food is dumplings. Every Sunday,my mother makes manydumplings for me. If she has no time to make the dumplings, I'll go to thesupermarket to buy some. Dumplings look like white boats. They tastedelicious.On my birthday every year, I usually make a lot of dumplings with mymother because I often ask some friends to eat them with me. There are differentkinds of vegetables in them. My friends all like to eat them very much.
Of all the foods,I like dumplings best. What about you, mydear friends? Doyou like dumplings,too?
我喜欢很多食物，像大米饭，面条，饺子，粥，汉堡包等等。但是我最喜爱的是饺子。每个星期天，我母亲经常为我包很多饺子。如果她没有时间做，我就去超级市场买一些。饺子看起来像白色的船。它们尝起来美味可口。每年在我生日那天，我经常和母亲包很多很多的饺子，因为我经常请朋友和我们一起吃饺子。饺子里面有不同种类的蔬菜。我的朋友们都非常喜欢吃。
在所有的食物中，我最喜欢吃饺子。你呢，我亲爱的朋友们?
你也喜欢吃饺子吗?
Good morning,dear teacher and my friends!
My name is .I’m a student of Great 7 from middle school. I ’m very glad to stand here and give you a short speech today. My topic is “the importance of time”.
Someone says: “Time is money!” But I think time is even more important than money. Why? Because when money is spent, we can get it back. However, When time is gone,It will never return no matter how rich you are.
But it is a pity that there are a lot of people who do not know the importance of time . They spend all day on smorking, drinking and playing.They do not know that wasting time means wasting life.
As to us, a middle schoole student, School time is a very important period for our growing up. We should make full use of it to do something usefull, just like learning different kinds of knowledge , taking exercise for a good health and so on.
In a word , we should save time.Time is limited and so，very precious. It will not return any more when it is gone.
That’s all for my speech.Thank you!
In modern life we have many inventions.Thesemachines are very useful.Theycan make things better and faster than people.
A washing machine can help us wash clothes.We have more time to do that wewant to doduring this time.A printing machine prints a lot of books,newspapersand other things qiickly.
Buses,bikes,cars,trains,planes and shipshelr us travel faster thanbefore.The compter is wonderful machine.
It is one of the most important inventions.Today it is used in manyways.
It can store innformations and work out math problems millions of timesfaster than a person can.
In a few years,the computer may touch the lives of everyone.Even people infaraway villages.
with the rapid development of our societmore and more people are fond of online shopping for itconvenience. online shopping habeen a heated fashion. but different people have different viewon thipoint. after all evercoin hatwo sides.
随着社会的快速发展，因为网上购物方便，越来越多的人喜欢网上购物。网上购物已经成为热门时尚。但是，不同的人对这有不同的看法。毕竟，每个硬币都有两面。
online shopping haadvantageawell adisadvantages. firstlnowadaythe internet habecome a must. aconvenient ait ipeople depend on online shopping ait caterfor those who are buswith work or other things. and it can help usave much monewhich icheaper than what we buin the physical store. what’more it contributethe internet to the further development.
网上购物有优势也有劣势。首先，如今互联网已经成为必须品。因为它很方便，人们依靠网上购物因为它符合那些忙于工作或其他事情的人的需求。它还可以帮我们节省很多少钱，比我们在实体店买更便宜。更重要的是，它有助于互联网进一步发展。
however it ialso a risk of online shopping awe pathe bill online bour credit cardwe mabe cheated bthe dishonest shoppers. sometimethe qualitof what we buonline imuch worse than we could imagine.
然而，因为我们用信用卡在网上支付，所以网上购物也是有风险的，我们可能会被不诚实商家骗。有时我们在网上买的东西的质量比我们想象的糟很多。
in mopinion when we are shopping online we should keep wise to prevent ufrom treating. and we’ll find that online shopping haadvantageover disadvantages.
在我看来，当我们在网上购物时，我们理智点以防被骗。这样的话我们会发现网上购物的优点多于缺点。
it’s a very intresting topic today.
i think my dad was a hero for me when i was a young child. we'd go fishing, walks, and other fun things for a kid.
every child has a good and great father, and so do i. my dad played a very important role in my daily life`````exactly speaking, in my past 16 years.
my father always stands in the center of my life，from past till now and possibly in the future.
my family was rather poor when i was in my childhood. we didn't have our own house and had to live in a shabby，small room rented from my father's factory. the room was so small that there was little space for people to walk. i didn't have my own bed and had to sleep with my parents. this is terrible both for my parents and me.
but father made this all different!he works very hard on his own business, now we have our own 2 housese,surly,i have my own room.and he take our family so much happiness, richer and richer.
when i was little, i did everything with my dad. you could always find me sitting on his knee or walking and doing everything with him. every night he would read me a bed time story and make the voices of each character.
i learnt a lot from my daddy. i learnt to never take things to seriously and to always smile.
like many other fathers, my dad and i also has generation gap. he is not good at or even can’t work the computer. so when i sitting at the computer desk,he will say something like ‘you should pay more attention to your study’, ‘don’t waste time on the computer games’ , ‘it will be bad for your eyes’ and so on. how can i- a computer fan – reduce time on computer? so i continue studying and playing on it
years pasted, my father is over 45 now. it is time for me to look after him and i am sure i will do and we will live an even better life. and i will say,i really love you dad,cause you are the hero in my mind.
thank you so much!
How to Stay Healthy How to Stay Healthy
nothing is more valuable than health. it is the foundation of one’s future success. generally speaking, a Healthy person can always be energetic and enjoy his life and achieve what he hopes for in his career. on the contrary, poor in health, a person can not achieve much though he is well-educated. then, what should we do to maintain and enhance our health and do you know to keep Healthy? let’s start in three aspects------keep a balanced diet, give up bad habits and take regular exercise.
firstly, keep a balanced diet. scientific research sHows us How a balanced diet is made up-----a pyramid. the lowest floor sHows us the main food we need at least 300g everyday. like, bread, rice, noodle etc. the second floor contains vegetables and fruits which are full of vitamin c and vitamin e and other nutrition good for our health. we should eat it more than 400g in our diet. the third floor has meat, fish and egg that we often eat in our daily meal. but we should be cautious about these foods and eat less than 100g. the fourth floor which is soy-based food and dairy products which is easy to get us fat for its high caloric. 70 g is enough. the top floor sHows oil and salty products we should eat only 30g or 50g at most. if each meal we eat following this balanced diet, eating Healthy, i believe we can be Healthy and keep a nice figure.
secondly, give up bad habits. as we know, drinking too much is harm to our stomach; smoking is bad to our lung. it also reported that every year more than 110 thousand people was poisoned then killed by alcohol in china and more than 3.5 million people in the world are killed by diseases because of smoking. so we should drink less and stop smoking. as a teenager, we often Stay up to prepare our next day examination or play puter games that not only cost our time but also kill ourselves. we should give up these bad habits and make a balanced schedule to keep a good state.
finally, take regular physical exercise which is essential for a relaxed mind and body. taking frequent exercise, can improve and balance the function of your heart and lung, prevent osteoporosis, burn the flab, enhance metabolism and strengthen
immunity, relieve pressure of study or work. for example, yoga can improve your rate of breath by calming down your mind and body, and get rid of distractions and tenacity to concentrate on certain item. what’s more, it help you keep a perfect figure by strengthen your arm and get every joints of your body active and relax your body. now, this kind aerobic activity is popular which include swimming, riding, jogging and yoga etc. so, let’s join sports to keep fit.
in conclusion, if everyone can stick to what is mentioned above, keep a balanced diet, give up your bad habits and take regular exercise, then you will be perfect and Healthy.
Dear teachers and students,
hello everyone! Today, the topic of my speech is "cherish life, safe life".
I know that most of the students will sing songs such as "peace to you" and "peace to a good man's life" to pray for success and peace; I believe that students understand the thinking of life contained in the words of "peace is blessing", "peace is gold"; I am sure that all the students have expressed good wishes to their parents, relatives, classmates and friends with auspicious words such as "peace, health, happiness and smooth". Yes, safety is more important than Mount Tai. It has always been the most basic lifeline for individuals, families, collectives and society. It is also the most important guarantee line for individuals to enjoy life and collectives to maintain stability.
At present, there are many casualties caused by ideological, psychological and behavioral deviations among primary and secondary school students, which expose the common safety risks of current students in ideology, psychology and behavior. One by one shocking, blood and tears intertwined tragedy can not help but make people sigh, fear, but also sounded the alarm for our safety.
"Life", what a vivid word“ "Safety" is such an old topic“ Happiness is such a wonderful state. Students: one person is safe, the whole family is happy; Life is supreme and safety is the key; Safety first, prevention first. Only in safety can life keep its vitality forever, and only in safety can happiness have its charm forever. Safety has built our beautiful home and become a link between relatives and friends. On the issue of safety, we must not be paralyzed or lucky. On the issue of safety, we must guard against and be alert. We must be alert to thinking, comply with the rules and be cautious in action; It is necessary to establish a high sense of safety. Everyone stresses safety, always and everything; It is necessary to build a great wall of safety for thought, behavior and life.
Perhaps many students will think that safety only refers to the safety of the body, even the physical health and not hurt; I think as long as my body is healthy and can move freely, it is called safety. I don't think that's all about security. Even a man with a sound physique, if his moral level is low, his ability to distinguish right from wrong is not strong, and if he is confused, he has the suspicion of forming a clique and drinking; If he shows his loyalty and causes trouble, he not only likes to go with the flow, but also wants to make trouble; What this shows is the problem of ideological security. Just as in the previous week, there were several fights between classmates, as well as events on the court. Basketball game should be a game of friendship and style, but there are so many students fighting for the win and lose, which makes the relationship between students tense. It's not hard to imagine that it's very difficult to be a good person all one's life with such unsafe thoughts. In addition, if a person with a sound physique indulges in the spiritual opium of bad books and online games, and sucks every day and everywhere, he can't help but wander and think about it in class; Late at night can not help but to cross the wall bubble Internet cafes stay up all night; If he is infatuated with the sentimental feelings of young boys and girls prematurely, he will search for sorrow and hatred without any reason, be crazy and stupid, be crazy and crazy, and even be jealous and resentful, and become a beauty. This shows the safety problem of behavior. With such unsafe behavior, it is also very difficult to read a good book steadily and smoothly.
Whether it is personal safety, ideological safety or behavioral safety, they all have one common characteristic, that is, the cruelty of the result. Traffic accidents, swimming and drowning accidents, sports accidents, and occasional accidents of chasing and fighting during recess. The light ones can hurt the physique, and the heavy ones can endanger the life. Their consequences are cruel. However, the deformity of ideology and morality and the deviance of behavior are more terrible than the unsound physique.
Zang Kejia wrote in the poem some people: "some people live, but they have died." I think that those who lose their healthy spiritual pursuit, lose their right direction of life, and have a living body are the products of incomplete thinking? At best, this "product" can only be a machine that endlessly absorbs and digests the blood and sweat of parents. It can only become a waste in the long river of social development, and even a dangerous substance endangering social development.
Dear teachers and students, we all live in a close relationship interwoven by family affection, morality, responsibility, obligation and so on. So the individual is not just the individual. Everyone's present is connected with the future, everyone's own is connected with the family, and everyone's honor and disgrace are connected with the whole. For the growth of individuals, for the happiness of families, for the whole of honor and disgrace, let's build a great wall of safety for our thoughts, behaviors and lives, and be good people. Only good people can live a safe life; I wish a good man a safe life.
Money is very important for us but is not the most important things in ourlife.Many things are more important than money ,such as friendship ,love ,andfamily ,and so on .We can use money to buy many things but for people's hearts.Apeople only care the money ,which is very sorrowful.Gradually,he will lose manythings that is more important than money.And last,he will become lonely.
Sometimes money can let many people gather and make friends with you.However,you have to know they may be not your true friends and they just wantyou money.A true friend never care whether his friend is poor or rich.A firendin need is a friend indeed.Having some sincere friends is the truehappiness.
Anyway,money can solve lots of problems but it can't bring you happinessbecause it can't buy a true heart.Please remember that some things in the worldis invaluable.So don't live only for money.
Good afternoon, my honorable judges, ladies and gentlemen and fellow contestants：
I feel so happy to have the chance to make a speech. The title of my speech is Protect the Environment, Protect Ourselves. I hope you will like it.
Everybody knows waste paper and used coke cans are discarded everywhere. You might have seen plastic bags flying in the sky and getting caught in the trees when the wind blows or maybe you have seen old cans floating in the rivers and polluting the water. Our environment is the place in which we live, but it is being ruined by us.
There is a story about house and trees. It is said that a man’s house was surrounded by a lot of trees. Though the wind was strong, that man could have a good rest under the trees. How comfortable the life was! One day, that man wanted to enlarge his house, so he cut down all the trees. Then the autumn came without the protection. The strong wind blew the roof of the house into the sky. The whole house was gone with the wind. What a pity! But that’s the price people have to pay for destroying in the ecology balance. People shouldn’t be short-sighted. Protecting the environment is everyone’s task.
As you know, there are four kinds of pollution. They are air pollution, water pollution, waste pollution and noise pollution. But what can we do to solve the pollution? I think, firstly, we can make cars that don’t pollute the environment. We can ask companies to use modern clean technology. In some big cities, we can limit the number of cars. Secondly, we can try to use less water and make sure that we do not pollute the water. We can tell factories that they are not allowed to pour waste water into the lakes and rivers. Thirdly, we should not throw rubbish in parks and cities. We can pick up rubbish if we see it. We can put more rubbish bins in our parks and cities. Fourthly, we can live far from the noise and make the laws to limit the noise.
The air, water and the whole atmosphere directly influenced our lives, such as the air, people may cough and it will lead to cancer. So we must try our best to keep the world clean and tidy. To reach it, I want to put forward three points to everybody---Point 1： don’t spit and liter; Point 2： don’t draw on the wall; Point 3： clean the streets every day.
In order to make the environment clean, let’s join our hands together to make the world better.
Thank you!
good morning, dear teachers and fellow students. it’s my great honor tostand here and share a happy morning with you. i am no. _____ . today my topicis “ so much to learn.”
hello! my dear friends !do you like reading books? i guess all of you willsay yes. am i right? thanks to books, we have got a lot of knowledge. on theother hand, tv is another way of getting knowledge. i still remember: last year,i watched an exciting speech on tv. it was given by american president obama, icould feel his great charm. i admire him. yeah, at that time i made a decision:i try to learn english well and some day i can have a talk with him. however,it’s a pity that my english is not so perfect. what can i do? how can i do it?ah, so much to learn. don’ t lose heart! just do it! i say to myself aloud. ifyou set up your mind to learn it, you will get much knowledge. i am sure youwill achieve your goal.
ok! so much knowledge for us to learn. we should do our best to learn it.we must try our best to learn it as much as possible. because knowledge can makeus be learned and wise; because knowledge can make our country develop veryfast; because knowledge can make our world be in harmony. ok! let’s keeptrying!
as you know, now i am a junior high school student. my school life is verywonderful and there are so many interesting subjects for us to learn, such aschinese, english, maths, history, and so on. ok, let me tell you something aboutmy school life. i hope you will enjoy it. in my chinese lesson, i can recite theold wise sayings: “ isn’t it a pleasure that friends come to see you from faraway?” “ what you know, you know; what you don’t know, you don’t know.” thesewords are so educational. meanwhile, i like english very much. in my englishclass, i try to practice my oral english. ok, i have a dream that some day i cantravel around the world and make many foreign friends. all right! historylessons bring us much enjoyment, and i can have a talk with the great people inhistory, such as conficius, qinshihuang, dr.sun yat-sen, and so on.
at last, i would like to say, we shouldn’t waste time, life is limitedwhile knowledge is boundless. aha, there is so much to learn. maybe you likereading; maybe you like singing;… maybe you have a lot of other hobbies, itdoesn’t matter, if you like it, just learn it. just do it. don’t hesitate.knowledge is power. there is no choice but to learn. what’s more, you are nevertoo old to learn. am i right? my friends, open your eyes, can you see the flameof knowledge burning forever? yeah, i can see it. i can see it clearly. come on,boys and girls, ladies and gentlemen. let’s swim in the ocean of knowledge;let’s climb on the top of knowledge. at that time, you will be a learned personwith much knowledge. you will be the happiest person in the world.
What I'd like to do today is talk about one of my favorite subjects, and that is the neuroscience of sleep.
Now, there is a sound -- (Alarm clock) -- aah, it worked -- a sound that is desperately, desperately familiar to most of us, and of course it's the sound of the alarm clock. And what that truly ghastly, awful sound does is stop the single most important behavioral experience that we have, and that's sleep. If you're an average sort of person, 36 percent of your life will be spent asleep, which means that if you live to 90, then 32 years will have been spent entirely asleep.
Now what that 32 years is telling us is that sleep at some level is important. And yet, for most of us, we don't give sleep a second thought. We throw it away. We really just don't think about sleep. And so what I'd like to do today is change your views, change your ideas and your thoughts about sleep. And the journey that I want to take you on, we need to start by going back in time.
"Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of slumber." Any ideas who said that? Shakespeare's Julius Caesar. Yes, let me give you a few more quotes. "O sleep, O gentle sleep, nature's soft nurse, how have I frighted thee?" Shakespeare again, from -- I won't say it -- the Scottish play. [Correction: Henry IV, Part 2] (Laughter) From the same time: "Sleep is the golden chain that ties health and our bodies together." Extremely prophetic, by Thomas Dekker, another Elizabethan dramatist.
But if we jump forward 400 years, the tone about sleep changes somewhat. This is from Thomas Edison, from the beginning of the 20th century. "Sleep is a criminal waste of time and a heritage from our cave days." Bang. (Laughter) And if we also jump into the 1980s, some of you may remember that Margaret Thatcher was reported to have said, "Sleep is for wimps." And of course the infamous -- what was his name? -- the infamous Gordon Gekko from "Wall Street" said, "Money never sleeps."
What do we do in the 20th century about sleep? Well, of course, we use Thomas Edison's light bulb to invade the night, and we occupied the dark, and in the process of this occupation, we've treated sleep as an illness, almost. We've treated it as an enemy. At most now, I suppose, we tolerate the need for sleep, and at worst perhaps many of us think of sleep as an illness that needs some sort of a cure. And our ignorance about sleep is really quite profound.
Why is it? Why do we abandon sleep in our thoughts? Well, it's because you don't do anything much while you're asleep, it seems. You don't eat. You don't drink. And you don't have sex. Well, most of us anyway. And so therefore it's -- Sorry. It's a complete waste of time, right? Wrong. Actually, sleep is an incredibly important part of our biology, and neuroscientists are beginning to explain why it's so very important. So let's move to the brain.
Now, here we have a brain. This is donated by a social scientist, and they said they didn't know what it was, or indeed how to use it, so -- (Laughter) Sorry. So I borrowed it. I don't think they noticed. Okay. (Laughter)
The point I'm trying to make is that when you're asleep, this thing doesn't shut down. In fact, some areas of the brain are actually more active during the sleep state than during the wake state. The other thing that's really important about sleep is that it doesn't arise from a single structure within the brain, but is to some extent a network property, and if we flip the brain on its back -- I love this little bit of spinal cord here -- this bit here is the hypothalamus, and right under there is a whole raft of interesting structures, not least the biological clock. The biological clock tells us when it's good to be up, when it's good to be asleep, and what that structure does is interact with a whole raft of other areas within the hypothalamus, the lateral hypothalamus, the ventrolateral preoptic nuclei. All of those combine, and they send projections down to the brain stem here. The brain stem then projects forward and bathes the cortex, this wonderfully wrinkly bit over here, with neurotransmitters that keep us awake and essentially provide us with our consciousness. So sleep arises from a whole raft of different interactions within the brain, and essentially, sleep is turned on and off as a result of a range of
Okay. So where have we got to? We've said that sleep is complicated and it takes 32 years of our life. But what I haven't explained is what sleep is about. So why do we sleep? And it won't surprise any of you that, of course, the scientists, we don't have a consensus. There are dozens of different ideas about why we sleep, and I'm going to outline three of those.
The first is sort of the restoration idea, and it's somewhat intuitive. Essentially, all the stuff we've burned up during the day, we restore, we replace, we rebuild during the night. And indeed, as an explanation, it goes back to Aristotle, so that's, what, 2,300 years ago. It's gone in and out of fashion. It's fashionable at the moment because what's been shown is that within the brain, a whole raft of genes have been shown to be turned on only during sleep, and those genes are associated with restoration and metabolic pathways. So there's good evidence for the whole restoration hypothesis.
What about energy conservation? Again, perhaps intuitive. You essentially sleep to save calories. Now, when you do the sums, though, it doesn't really pan out. If you compare an individual who has slept at night, or stayed awake and hasn't moved very much, the energy saving of sleeping is about 110 calories a night. Now, that's the equivalent of a hot dog bun. Now, I would say that a hot dog bun is kind of a meager return for such a complicated and demanding behavior as sleep. So I'm less convinced by the energy conservation idea.
But the third idea I'm quite attracted to, which is brain processing and memory consolidation. What we know is that, if after you've tried to learn a task, and you sleep-deprive individuals, the ability to learn that task is smashed. It's really hugely attenuated. So sleep and memory consolidation is also very important. However, it's not just the laying down of memory and recalling it. What's turned out to be really exciting is that our ability to come up with novel solutions to complex problems is hugely enhanced by a night of sleep. In fact, it's been estimated to give us a threefold advantage. Sleeping at night enhances our creativity. And what seems to be going on is that, in the brain, those neural connections that are important, those synaptic connections that are important, are linked and strengthened, while those that are less important tend to fade away and be less important.
Okay. So we've had three explanations for why we might sleep, and I think the important thing to realize is that the details will vary, and it's probable we sleep for multiple different reasons. But sleep is not an indulgence. It's not some sort of thing that we can take on board rather casually. I think that sleep was once likened to an upgrade from economy to business class, you know, the equiavlent of. It's not even an upgrade from economy to first class. The critical thing to realize is that if you don't sleep, you don't fly. Essentially, you never get there, and what's extraordinary about much of our society these days is that we are desperately sleep-deprived.
So let's now look at sleep deprivation. Huge sectors of society are sleep-deprived, and let's look at our sleep-o-meter. So in the 1950s, good data suggests that most of us were getting around about eight hours of sleep a night. Nowadays, we sleep one and a half to two hours less every night, so we're in the six-and-a-half-hours-every-night league. For teenagers, it's worse, much worse. They need nine hours for full brain performance, and many of them, on a school night, are only getting five hours of sleep. It's simply not enough. If we think about other sectors of society, the aged, if you are aged, then your ability to sleep in a single block is somewhat disrupted, and many sleep, again, less than five hours a night. Shift work. Shift work is extraordinary, perhaps 20 percent of the working population, and the body clock does not shift to the demands of working at night. It's locked onto the same light-dark cycle as the rest of us. So when the poor old shift worker is going home to try and sleep during the day, desperately tired, the body clock is saying, "Wake up. This is the time to be awake." So the quality of sleep that you get as a night shift worker is usually very poor, again in that sort of five-hour region. And then, of course, tens of millions of people suffer from jet lag. So who here has jet lag? Well, my goodness gracious. Well, thank you very much indeed for not falling asleep, because that's what your brain is craving.
One of the things that the brain does is indulge in micro-sleeps, this involuntary falling asleep, and you have essentially no control over it. Now, micro-sleeps can be sort of somewhat embarrassing, but they can also be deadly. It's been estimated that 31 percent of drivers will fall asleep at the wheel at least once in their life, and in the U.S., the statistics are pretty good: 100,000 accidents on the freeway have been associated with tiredness, loss of vigilance, and falling asleep. A hundred thousand a year. It's extraordinary. At another level of terror, we dip into the tragic accidents at Chernobyl and indeed the space shuttle Challenger, which was so tragically lost. And in the investigations that followed those disasters, poor judgment as a result of extended shift work and loss of vigilance and tiredness was attributed to a big chunk of those disasters.
So when you're tired, and you lack sleep, you have poor memory, you have poor creativity, you have increased impulsiveness, and you have overall poor judgment. But my friends, it's so much worse than that.
(Laughter)
If you are a tired brain, the brain is craving things to wake it up. So drugs, stimulants. Caffeine represents the stimulant of choice across much of the Western world. Much of the day is fueled by caffeine, and if you're a really naughty tired brain, nicotine. And of course, you're fueling the waking state with these stimulants, and then of course it gets to 11 o'clock at night, and the brain says to itself, "Ah, well actually, I need to be asleep fairly shortly. What do we do about that when I'm feeling completely wired?" Well, of course, you then resort to alcohol. Now alcohol, short-term, you know, once or twice, to use to mildly sedate you, can be very useful. It can actually ease the sleep transition. But what you must be so aware of is that alcohol doesn't provide sleep, a biological mimic for sleep. It sedates you. So it actually harms some of the neural proccessing that's going on during memory consolidation and memory recall. So it's a short-term acute measure, but for goodness sake, don't become addicted to alcohol as a way of getting to sleep every night.
Another connection between loss of sleep is weight gain. If you sleep around about five hours or less every night, then you have a 50 percent likelihood of being obese. What's the connection here? Well, sleep loss seems to give rise to the release of the hormone ghrelin, the hunger hormone. Ghrelin is released. It gets to the brain. The brain says, "I need carbohydrates," and what it does is seek out carbohydrates and particularly sugars. So there's a link between tiredness and the metabolic predisposition for weight gain.
Stress. Tired people are massively stressed. And one of the things of stress, of course, is loss of memory, which is what I sort of just then had a little lapse of. But stress is so much more. So if you're acutely stressed, not a great problem, but it's sustained stress associated with sleep loss that's the problem. So sustained stress leads to suppressed immunity, and so tired people tend to have higher rates of overall infection, and there's some very good studies showing that shift workers, for example, have higher rates of cancer. Increased levels of stress throw glucose into the circulation. Glucose becomes a dominant part of the vasculature and essentially you become glucose intolerant. Therefore, diabetes 2. Stress increases cardiovascular disease as a result of raising blood pressure. So there's a whole raft of things associated with sleep loss that are more than just a mildly impaired brain, which is where I think most people think that sleep loss resides.
So at this point in the talk, this is a nice time to think, well, do you think on the whole I'm getting enough sleep? So a quick show of hands. Who feels that they're getting enough sleep here? Oh. Well, that's pretty impressive. Good. We'll talk more about that later, about what are your tips.
So most of us, of course, ask the question, "Well, how do I know whether I'm getting enough sleep?" Well, it's not rocket science. If you need an alarm clock to get you out of bed in the morning, if you are taking a long time to get up, if you need lots of stimulants, if you're grumpy, if you're irritable, if you're told by your work colleagues that you're looking tired and irritable, chances are you are sleep-deprived. Listen to them. Listen to yourself.
What do you do? Well -- and this is slightly offensive -- sleep for dummies: Make your bedroom a haven for sleep. The first critical thing is make it as dark as you possibly can, and also make it slightly cool. Very important. Actually, reduce your amount of light exposure at least half an hour before you go to bed. Light increases levels of alertness and will delay sleep. What's the last thing that most of us do before we go to bed? We stand in a massively lit bathroom looking into the mirror cleaning our teeth. It's the worst thing we can possibly do before we went to sleep. Turn off those mobile phones. Turn off those computers. Turn off all of those things that are also going to excite the brain. Try not to drink caffeine too late in the day, ideally not after lunch. Now, we've set about reducing light exposure before you go to bed, but light exposure in the morning is very good at setting the biological clock to the light-dark cycle. So seek out morning light. Basically, listen to yourself. Wind down. Do those sorts of things that you know are going to ease you off into the honey-heavy dew of slumber.
Okay. That's some facts. What about some myths?
Teenagers are lazy. No. Poor things. They have a biological predisposition to go to bed late and get up late, so give them a break.
We need eight hours of sleep a night. That's an average. Some people need more. Some people need less. And what you need to do is listen to your body. Do you need that much or do you need more? Simple as that.
Old people need less sleep. Not true. The sleep demands of the aged do not go down. Essentially, sleep fragments and becomes less robust, but sleep requirements do not go down.
And the fourth myth is, early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. Well that's wrong at so many different levels. (Laughter) There is no, no evidence that getting up early and going to bed early gives you more wealth at all. There's no difference in socioeconomic status. In my experience, the only difference between morning people and evening people is that those people that get up in the morning early are just horribly smug.
(Laughter) (Applause)
Okay. So for the last part, the last few minutes, what I want to do is change gears and talk about some really new, breaking areas of neuroscience, which is the association between mental health, mental illness and sleep disruption. We've known for 130 years that in severe mental illness, there is always, always sleep disruption, but it's been largely ignored. In the 1970s, when people started to think about this again, they said, "Yes, well, of course you have sleep disruption in schizophrenia because they're on anti-psychotics. It's the anti-psychotics causing the sleep problems," ignoring the fact that for a hundred years previously, sleep disruption had been reported before anti-psychotics.
So what's going on? Lots of groups, several groups are studying conditions like depression, schizophrenia and bipolar, and what's going on in terms of sleep disruption. We have a big study which we published last year on schizophrenia, and the data were quite extraordinary. In those individuals with schizophrenia, much of the time, they were awake during the night phase and then they were asleep during the day. Other groups showed no 24-hour patterns whatsoever. Their sleep was absolutely smashed. And some had no ability to regulate their sleep by the light-dark cycle. They were getting up later and later and later and later each night. It was smashed.
So what's going on? And the really exciting news is that mental illness and sleep are not simply associated but they are physically linked within the brain. The neural networks that predispose you to normal sleep, give you normal sleep, and those that give you normal mental health are overlapping. And what's the evidence for that? Well, genes that have been shown to be very important in the generation of normal sleep, when mutated, when changed, also predispose individuals to mental health problems. And last year, we published a study which showed that a gene that's been linked to schizophrenia, which, when mutated, also smashes the sleep. So we have evidence of a genuine mechanistic overlap between these two important systems.
Other work flowed from these studies. The first was that sleep disruption actually precedes certain types of mental illness, and we've shown that in those young individuals who are at high risk of developing bipolar disorder, they already have a sleep abnormality prior to any clinical diagnosis of bipolar. The other bit of data was that sleep disruption may actually exacerbate, make worse the mental illness state. My colleague Dan Freeman has used a range of agents which have stabilized sleep and reduced levels of paranoia in those individuals by 50 percent.
So what have we got? We've got, in these connections, some really exciting things. In terms of the neuroscience, by understanding the neuroscience of these two systems, we're really beginning to understand how both sleep and mental illness are generated and regulated within the brain. The second area is that if we can use sleep and sleep disruption as an early warning signal, then we have the chance of going in. If we know that these individuals are vulnerable, early intervention then becomes possible. And the third, which I think is the most exciting, is that we can think of the sleep centers within the brain as a new therapeutic target. Stabilize sleep in those individuals who are vulnerable, we can certainly make them healthier, but also alleviate some of the appalling symptoms of mental illness.
So let me just finish. What I started by saying is take sleep seriously. Our attitudes toward sleep are so very different from a pre-industrial age, when we were almost wrapped in a duvet. We used to understand intuitively the importance of sleep. And this isn't some sort of crystal-waving nonsense. This is a pragmatic response to good health. If you have good sleep, it increases your concentration, attention, decision-making, creativity, social skills, health. If you get sleep, it reduces your mood changes, your stress, your levels of anger, your impulsivity, and your tendency to drink and take drugs. And we finished by saying that an understanding of the neuroscience of sleep is really informing the way we think about some of the causes of mental illness, and indeed is providing us new ways to treat these incredibly debilitating conditions.
Jim Butcher, the fantasy writer, said, "Sleep is God. Go worship." And I can only recommend that you do the same.
Thank you for your attention.
(Applause)
keep your direction
what would you do if you failed? many people may choose to give up. however, the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick to your goal.
on your way to success, you must keep your direction. it is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and helping you overcome obstacles on your way. otherwise, you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead.
direction means objectives. you can get nowhere without an objective in life.
you can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve it. in this way, you will know how to arrange your time and to spend your time properly. and you should also have a belief that you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.
坚持你的方向
如果失败了你会怎么做?很多人可能会选择放弃。然而，要想成功，最可靠的方法就是坚持你的方向和目标。
在通往成功的路上，你必须坚持你的方向。它就像一盏灯，在黑暗中为你指路，帮助你度过难关。否则，你很容易就会迷失方向或犹豫不前。
方向意味着目标。人生如果没有目标，将一事无成。
你可以试着把你的目标写在纸上，并制定实现目标的计划。这样，你就会懂得如何合理安排时间，如何正确地支配时间。而且你还要有这样的信念：只要你一直坚持自己的方向，你就一定可以成功。
A man went to an insurance office to have his life insured. The manager of the office asked him how old his parents were when they died.
“Mother had a bad heart and died at the age of thirty. Father died of tuberculosis when he was thirty-five.”
“I am very sorry,”said the manager,“we cannot insure your life as your parents were not healthy.”
As the man was leaving the office, depressed, he met a clerk, who had overheard the conversation.
“You must not be so frank and tell the truth,”said the clerk,“no office will insure you if you speak like that. Use your imagination a little.”
The man went to another office and was shown into the manager's room.
“Well, young man, how old were your parents when they died?”
“Mother was ninety-three, and she died from a fall off her bicycle. Father was ninety-eight and he died while he was playing football.”
My fellow and my friends；
Once I read a piece of news report. It says， ＂A middle school student in a remote mountainous area was doing his revision at home one day. His brother， whose age excelled school age， was playing and drawing on the paper with his elder brother＇s pencil at his side. Suddenly the younger brother raised his head thoughtfully， his little eyes were winking， and said to his brother seriously， ＂When will it thirty-second， brother？＂ The elder brother looked at his innocent younger brother and said with a smile， ＂What are you going to do on that thirty-second？＂ ＂Papa promised me to send me to school，＂ said his younger brother. His brother， the middle school student looked at his lovely brother and his heart seemed to be stitched with needles. My God！ My parents were working day and night in order to be able to afford my schooling. They were exhausted. How could they afford my younger brother＇s schooling？ Oh， thirty-second ...
My dear friends， hearing this， didn＇t you feel sorry for them？ We share the same native land， the same blue sky under the sun. Why cannot they be given lesson at school， sitting in the bright and big classroom？ We are used to saying that education goes first before vitalizing the country. But now the country＇s fiscal solvency and material resources are not ample enough. What should we do？ It requires that we should be of one heart and exert our efforts for our motherland.
同胞们，朋友们：
我曾看过这样一则报道：＂某边远山区一个中学生，一天在家复习功课，一旁的已过入学年龄的小弟弟拿他的铅笔在纸上写着、涂着、画着，突然若有所思地仰起小脸，眨巴几下小眼睛，认真地问：＇哥哥，什么时候才到32号呀？＇这位中学生看看天真的小弟弟，笑着逗他：＇32号你要干啥？＇＇爸爸说，到32号才能送我去上学。＇中学生望着可爱的小弟弟，内心针扎般难受：天哪，父母为了供自己上学，整日操劳，身体都累垮了，哪还有能力再送弟弟上学？啊！32号......＂
朋友们，当你听了这个故事，你不感到痛心吗？同在一片故土上，同在一片蓝天下，为什么他们不能坐在宽敞明亮的教室里去读书？我们常说：国家要振兴，教育须先行。而我国的财力、物力都不宽裕，怎么办？这就需要全社会的人齐心协力为国家分忧，为国家出力！